tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15240596087450871982024-03-14T01:06:58.722-07:00How to write a good dbq essayGeology Environmental Topics For A Paperjessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-21992776035668363212020-08-26T15:13:00.001-07:002020-08-26T15:13:04.470-07:00Fire Prevention and the Federal Government EssayNumerous administration offices make fire avoidance as a component of their main goal. America has the most noteworthy fire passing rate is the most noteworthy on the planet. Flames execute 3,700 and harm more than 20,000 individuals every year. Property misfortune is about $11 billion every year. The United States Fire Administration (USFA) has assisted with lessening fire passings considerably. They have added to fire counteraction and concealment more than some other government office. In 1974, Congress built up the United States Fire Administration . Their main goal is to give national initiative to nearby fire and crisis administrations. It is a division of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). FEMA turned out to be a piece of the Department of Homeland Security on March 1, 2003. Their main goal is to ââ¬Å"reduce the death toll and property and shield the Nation from all risks, including cataclysmic events, demonstrations of psychological warfare, and other man-made disastersâ⬠(ââ¬Å"About USFAâ⬠, n. d. ). The Department of Homeland Security was shaped after the September 11, 2001 psychological oppressor assaults. Their essential strategic to shield the nation from fear mongering. Since the USFA was made for the sole motivation behind the avoidance, readiness, and reaction to flames and different crises, it has contributed the most to the reason. ââ¬Å"Americaââ¬â¢s fire passing rate is one of the most elevated per capita in the industrialized worldâ⬠(ââ¬Å"About USFAâ⬠, n. d. ). Hence, it is as yet an improvement since over twenty years prior. In 1971, 12,000 individuals and 250 firemen passed on because of flames. USFA keeps on making our networks and society more secure today. Reference U. S. Fire Administration. About the U. S. Fire Administration. Recovered August 3, 2008 from http://www. usfa. dhs. gov. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-53033330371250380122020-08-22T08:37:00.001-07:002020-08-22T08:37:29.167-07:00Crocodile Physics Essays - Electromagnetic Radiation,Crocodile Physics Crocodile Physics Crocodile Physics resembles an all around loaded material science lab where you can analysis to your heart's substance. Covering numerous schedule themes, here is the equipment smoothed for the little screen. There are masses, streetcars, focal points and electronic parts to amass, examination and take estimations with. You can swing pendulums, change gravity, change edge of slopes to find out about powers. Astounding are the optics instruments which let you split light into its hues with a crystal and perceive how fiber optics transmit light. A area on eye abandons, where you increment the central length of a display focal point and see what that does to the light beams will make a magnificent instructing apparatus. Despite the fact that it comes with worksheets, those with time to extra can utilize it to make amazing intuitive instructional exercises. Crocodile Physics has been created from Crocodile Clips 3, the acclaimed Secondary School Physics test system utilized in more than 35 nations and suggested by governments around the world. It's a test system for Middle and High school and school material science courses. Crocodile Physics incorporates an amazing optics test system, with a scope of parts including focal points, crystals, mirrors and light sources.You can set the frequency of the light being produced from your source, and pick equal pillars, wandering pillars or beams. You can likewise set the components of the source. Crocodile Physics contains a full scope of electrical parts. Each school branch of knowledge is secured: from the essential batteries, bulbs and switches - which are moreover given in pictorial structure, to help comprehension of the primary standards - to further developed rationale entryways, coordinated circuits and semiconductors. A huge segment library gives you the opportunity to try such that suits your educating, and permits intrigued understudies to investigate the subject all the more profoundly. One of the key highlights which marks Crocodile Physics out from other training programming is the Coordinated Multimedia Editor. This permits you to modify our exercises to suit your requirements, or to compose your own without any preparation. The recreation is numerically precise, permitting you to test structures and investigate the laws of Physics. Most part esteems can be changed voluntarily. Crocodile Material science comes total with more than 100 intelligent on-screen exercises, covering a scope of subjects in power, gadgets, optics, mechanics, elements and sound. They consolidate full reenactment with data, questions and replies. It's anything but difficult to incorporate them into List of sources Not accessible jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-34981772452172639922020-08-21T02:53:00.001-07:002020-08-21T02:53:03.987-07:00How to Prepare for a Job Interview How to Prepare for a Job Interview If any time soon you are having a job interview, then this post is for you â" as it will show you how to impress your hiring manager and come out as a preferred candidate for the vacancy.Job interviews are a tough nut to crack and it is not easy to make a terrific impression on the recruiter with just your qualifications and extra-curricular activities. There are many other things that you might not be aware of and we are going to highlight them in this article.In this time and day, people start preparing for the big interview weeks before the actual day. Mental preparation for the job interview is essential as for every other competition.According to experts, the candidates should visualize how the interview would go before attending it. This ensures that they are confident when answering the actual interviewâs questionsâ" putting them in the lead for winning the job post.No worries if you feel a small edginess before the interview it can be helpful because it makes you feel mo re energized and alerted. However, too much anxiety can be dangerous if you do not manage to put your nerves under control during the interview.For getting out of the tense mood, you can use some popular methods like listening to soothing sounds and practice deep breathing. You can also follow the following top 20 tips for successful job interview. 20 BEST TIPS FOR SUCCESS IN YOUR NEXT JOB INTERVIEWIt takes a lot of time and research to learn about the company, their background, values, and future plans, as well as to assume the interview questions the interviewers might ask, and their requirements for the new team member.But in order to leave a good impression on your first encounter with the hiring manager, you are required to know certain things ahead of the interview, such as the dress code, basic information about the company and their competitors, knowledge about the product or services they are offering, etc.Hence, to aid you in getting fully prepared, we have made a list of the 20 best pre-interview tips that should assist you with bringing your best game to the job interview appointment. This list includes almost everything from the dress code to how to deal with particular questions they might ask you.1. Learn about the company Before going for the interview, learn everything that you can find out about the company like the number of branches it has, the kind of work it does, the geographical area it covers, etc.You can use many sources for this, such as the Internet, the companyâs website, latest news releases and talking to your family and friends who might have heard about the employer.It happens frequently that candidates look only at the data that the company is publishing through its social media and website, but forget about inquiring people directly and personally.They might have information that is not published anywhere yet and this might make you stand out in the interview â" it will show the potential employer that you went the extra m ile to get familiar with the company.2. Read the companyâs and its employeesâ blogs (if there are any)To get a sense of what the company does and what the employees do, read the blogs of the company and the people working for it.Also, to figure out what the company wants from you or from its employees, read the Facebook page and the âtweetsâ of the companyâs Twitter account. The tone of the content of those blogs speaks a lot about the companyâs organizational culture.3. Chat with the companyâs current employees But not with the higher authorities (as this might be seen as pressure them into awarding the job to you). It is better if you chat with the employees of the company that you can reach easier.For example, if the employer has its stores, you can walk in one of them and ask the salespersons there how they like working for the company. If the employer has a Customer Call Centre â" you can also call there and speak to one of the phone operators.4. Find out how th e companyâs ex-employees rated their ex-employer There are few online platforms that can let you know about the company in a broader sense. The site has the reviews from the former as well as some of the current employees of the company.They talk about their experience working for your potential future employer, their work culture, etc. However, always take those reviews as a guide and not as a fact.5. Know the role your work will play in the company If you are selected you will be working in a certain area of the companyâ" for example, in sales, marketing, IT, engineering or something else. Use the product or service that you will be working with before your first interview so that you can know how to increase the value of that product.For example, if you are applying for a sales job, you should know about the product that the company is selling and then try to find ways to increase the sales of that product.6. Familiarize yourself with your interviewersâ profiles If you have the name/s of the person/s who will have the interview with you then look up their name/s on the companyâs website, on LinkedIn or elsewhere on the Internet.Learn about those people, for example â" their educational or career background and their hobbies. Look for things that you might have in common with them, so you can relate to them during the interview.Then you can bring up a common interest that they have outside the office, discuss any current event related to their expertise, and ask them for details about their area of professional focus.7. Practice some case and brainteaser questions Some companies give you brainteaser questions or case questions to find out how you will face different situations while there are some companies that will give you a standard set of typical interview questions.It is completely alright to contact the HR or the recruiter to ask about the interview format before the interview day. After finding out the interview format, you can start investin g your time in prepping for those questions.8. Refresh your skills and accomplishments Note down all your skills and accomplishments and collect all the related certificates so that you can show them at the time of interview.Spend some of your time thinking about the most common interview questions like âHow will you contribute towards the progress of the company?â.In addition to this, take some time out to think about your management and creative abilities. Design a formula on how to answer the question âTell us about yourselfâ because this is a question that they will almost certainly ask you. You must be sure to bring your A game in the interview with its answer.9. Know your strengths as well as weaknesses You must know all your weaknesses by now, but you should not tell all about each one of them to the hiring managers. However, do not be thrown off by the old question âWhat is your biggest weakness?â.The best way to answer this question is thinking of something that you have an issue with but are currently working on improving it.For example, if you are struggling with public speaking but are taking Toastmasters classes for the past few months or if you have volunteered to help others to overcome their fear of public speaking, then you can discuss it as your weakness.10. Study the most common interview questions There are common interview questions that can easily be found on the Internet. Jot down a few bullet points or a few notes on these questions to be prepared for the interview. 11. Have some numbers and percentages ready to share Now, there is one thing that can easily impress the hiring managers or your recruiters and that is numbers. Find some percentages, quotas, numbers or increases that you can use while talking about your accomplishments and responsibilities because it will let the hiring manager know that you do not take anything lightly.Another question that the recruiter might ask is âWhat would you bring to the position?â and you have to answer this question in a smart way. Look in the mirror and ask yourself this question. Answer this question in the best possible way while giving away some of your accomplishments.In addition to this, make some bullet points on your vision for the company, how your work can improve the condition of the business, etc. This will help in clarifying your thoughts and make you much more comfortable during the actual interview.12. Practice a job interview with a friend Another thing that can really help you before the interview is doing a mock interview with a friend. If you answer the question âTell me about yourselfâ for the 10th time, it will be much better than the first time.Hence, ask your friend to do a mock interview with you and allow them to ask you questions that they think your hiring manager can ask you. This will help with boosting your confidence for the real interview.13. Prepare the interview outfit the day before your interview Decide on the perfect interview outfit before going for the interview. Companies that have a professional or business casual dress code would want you to look conservative and basic for the first interview.In case you are not sure what you should wear, you can ask your friends or contacts who work at that company to find out what they wore during their interview.Another alternative â" if you do not have any such contacts â" is hanging out at a café across the street a week few days before your interview and taking a glimpse of what employees at the company wear.In addition to this, make sure that your interview dress is freshly washed, pressed and tailored.Often, you have your interview outfit sitting in your closet for a couple of months or even years and you just dust it off for a job interview â" but please do not do the same if you want to impress the hiring manager.14. Remember the small things Check for loose hems on your interview clothing, shine your shoes, manicure your fingernails and comb your hair properly. You may think that people would not notice these little things but they actually do and will make their judgments of you partly based on that.Also, if you think you need a little pampering like a new interview outfit, razor shave, a haircut, or a facial treatment, then do it. Feeling good about how you look can make you feel more confident than before.15. Make your reference list Make a reference list whether you think that you will be asked for it or not. Also, print out at least five copies of your resume because you never know whom you will be meeting and you have to make sure your resume is ready and with you at all times.16. Compile an interview kit Always have your interview kit ready and with you at all times. The interview kit â" besides the few extra resumes mentioned above â" should also have items like a notepad, a breath mint, a stain stick, Band-Aids, pens, pencils, a notepad, etc.17. Organize your bag This point is for candidates who carry purses or briefcases totheir job interviews, regardless of their gender. Clean your bag before the interview.Search for any candy wrappers, old receipts and other unnecessary items that should not even be there. Other things that are important but may look messy like phone chargers should be kept in an organized manner.18. Study the current news affairs Before going for the interview, study the current topics popular in the mainstream media. There is a big chance that your hiring manager may ask you questions related to it and it will reflect on your knowledge about current events.19. Become aware of your body language Do not be someone else on the interview seat, be yourself. Changing your body language can communicate bad stance and posture to the interviewer which is not good for you.20. Sleep sufficient Do not lay awake all night before your interview day. A good sleep is very important and in case you are unable to sleep, drink a warm glass of milk, listen to soothing music and try yo ur best to get a good night sleep. THE 5-STEP INTERVIEW PREP GUIDEWe have made a 5-step interview preparation guide in order to help you with bagging the job you like. This interview prep guide has all information from what to bring to a job interview to how to research about the company to how to dress appropriately.The guide will cover all the important points of the interview and help you in securing the job. This prep guide will assist you in answering questions and stand out among the other less-prepared candidates. How to find out the type of interview you are going for â" There are several kinds of interviews popular these days, namely group, behavioral and one on one interview. In the one on one interview, a single hiring manager sits in the interviewer chair and asks you questions whereas, in the group interview, there can be two or more than two hiring managers. You should not assume that you would get a certain type of interview. What you can do is ask the company what t ype of interview they will be conducting. The best is to ask them when they call to schedule or confirm the interview. Otherwise, you should call the HR department and politely ask them this. How to greet your hiring manager â" You should always greet your hiring manager with a firm handshake and a friendly smile. If you do these two things in the right manner, you will set off the right attitude and energy towards the interviewer. This is a very simple and small step for gaining the attention of the recruiter. How to present your resume â" It is very important that you know what is written on your resume before you show it to your interviewer. They will ask about your skills, education, accomplishments and other quantified results that you have listed on your resume and it is only expected that you know about all of them. Do not add any fake information on the resume because that may cost you the chance to have an interview for the same company ever again in the future. How to be have â" Be on your best behavior during the interview. Do not try to be too smart or play overconfident because the hiring manager wants you to be yourself and not someone you are pretending to be. Also, be honest during the interview and do not talk about accomplishments you do have not achieved. How to question the interviewer â" If there is any query that you have about the company and if you cannot find the answer to it from other secondary sources then ask it during the interview. This shows how serious you are about the job. Also, it looks good if you go with your own intelligent questions for the interview. It shows that you have put some effort while preparing for the big interview. However, note that the questions you ask should hold some relevance and should be genuine. Asking irrelevant questions can have the negative effect on the recruiter.THINGS TO NOTE JUST BEFORE GOING FOR THE INTERVIEWYou must find out few things before going to your job interviews, such as the di rections to the place of interview, the type of interview you are going to have, and the exacttime for the interview, among other things.Few days before going for the interview take some time out to clear few things such how is the traffic in the area around the time of your interview, what is the fastest and safest way to get there, etc. Make a list of these questions and when you have the answer, tick them.It is okay to reach the interview place 10 minutes before the actual interview time but no sooner than that. Hence, if you do get there more than 10 minutes before, it would be better if you sit outside in your car or in a nearby café for a little while. In case you get lost or if you are going to be late, bring the phone number of the recruiter and inform them â" make sure you have enough battery on your mobile phone when you leave your house.Further, you can try out pre-employment assessments before attending the job interview. You can take the free pre-employment assessment s on the Internet for free. These small practice tests can assist you in being more comfortable during the interview when it is finally your turn to be in the hot seat.The hiring managers can easily tell whether a candidate has prepared for the job interview or not, hence follow these simple tips. Your hiring manager will appreciate your efforts and might even offer you the job because of that! TO SUM UPLastly, you must always be positive and think good things while going for the job interview. Both career experts and the psychological experts agree that being positive helps in boosting your energy and self-confidence.Always think about and practice what you really want to happen as it calms you down and makes you feel on top of the world â" optimistic, confident and sure of yourself. Go and smash that interview! jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-39306732372895400642020-05-24T14:55:00.001-07:002020-05-24T14:55:02.612-07:00Greek Gods in Antigone - 1269 Words Charles Wallace Mrs. Lopale CP English 10 7 May 2012 The Greek Gods and Their Role in Antigone The Greek gods were thought of as the most powerful forces to ever exist in ancient times. In turn, they played a pivotal role in the Greek peopleââ¬â¢s lives. Their power and influence over the Greek people is evident in many of the stories in Greek literature. Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades, the most powerful Greek gods, each played a part in the story of Antigone by Sophocles. Throughout the play, ââ¬Å"Godâ⬠refers to Zeus, the king of gods. Antigoneââ¬â¢s main motive for defying Creon is that she does not think Creon is doing what the gods would want. ââ¬Å"Which of us can say what the gods hold wicked.â⬠That quote means that Antigone does not think peopleâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦He is also the son of Cronus and Rhea, and is the second most powerful god. He is one of the three supreme gods of the Earth. (Gall.) In one of his temper tantrums, Poseidon realized he was not happy with his ocean domain, and wanted to try and overthrow his brother, Zeus, and become king of the gods himself. Poseidon asked for help from Apollo, the god of light and music. Together, they bound Zeus with chains. Zeus had too much strength and power and freed himself very quickly. Zeus was furious with Apollo and Poseidon. As punishment, he sent them to work as laborers for Laomedon, the king of Troy, a city in what is now considered Turkey. Laomedon promised a very big reward if they could build a wall around the city of Troy. However, after they built the wall, Laomedon refused to honor his agreement and did not pay them for their work. In turn, Poseidon and Apollo sent a plague and a sea monster to destroy the city of Troy. (Gall.) Hades is the Greek God and ruler of the Underworld. He is often associated with wealth and agriculture. He is also the son of Cronus and Rhea and the third most powerful Greek god. Unli ke his two brothers, his realm cannot be seen by anyone living. The Greeks believe that his name, Hades, means ââ¬Å"The Unseen One.â⬠He is the only god that does not live on Mount Olympus; he has his own glittering palace made of pure gold and gems in the Underworld. The Greeks believe that when mortalsShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Antigone 964 Words à |à 4 PagesDebis Professor: Kennedy ENC 1102 April 12, 2016 Theme In Antigone Sweeping dramas of rival families and of rival family members seeking control of a kingdom are very popular now. One obvious example is Game of Thrones, which continues to break viewership records and also engender controversy. Such sagas, however, are nothing new. Antigone, a play by Sophocles and the sequel to Aeschylusââ¬â¢ Seven Against Thebes, provides an ancient Greek perspective on the themes of power, duty, and law while providingRead MoreThe Ancient Greek Of Ancient Greece1690 Words à |à 7 PagesThe ancient Greeks highly valued the strength and power in a spoken word. Political, economic, cultural, and social life of the Ancient Greeks can be seen in their plays. They thus relied on words to communicating. Their desire to communicate and pass crucial information led to the creation of numerous plays across the region. The ancient Greek plays were both entertaining and educative thus reflecting on the kind of life that this person lived (Hogan 11). Their settings ca n suggest a lot about theRead More The Relationship between Gods and Mortals in Mythology Essay1359 Words à |à 6 Pagesbetween Gods and Mortals in Mythology The relationship between gods and mortals in mythology has long been a complicated topic. The gods can be generous and supportive, and also devastating and destructive to any group of humans. Mortals must respect the powers above them that cannot be controlled. The gods rule over destiny, nature, and justice, and need to be recognized and worshipped for the powerful beings as they are. Regardless of ones actions, intentions, and thoughts, the gods in GreekRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles964 Words à |à 4 PagesIn ââ¬Å"Antigoneâ⬠by Sophocles, a famous ancient Greek tragedian, the main character, Antigone, demonstrates a prohibited action in a strict, male-dominated society. 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However it is debatable whether she is theRead MoreA Man Defeated By His Flaws in Sophoclesââ¬â¢ play, ââ¬Å"Antigoneâ⬠995 Words à |à 4 PagesIn Sophoclesââ¬â¢ play, ââ¬Å"Antigoneâ⬠translated by Robert Fitzgerald and Dudley Fitts, Creon believes his laws surpass the laws written by the gods but his real flaw is his belief in masculine superiority and his self-destructive pride. In Greek literature, a tragedy means a sad story in which a hero is defeated because of his flaws and through this the audience will have a better understanding of themselves and the world. King Creon takes the audience thru his journey of ego, stubbornness and sufferingRead MoreRelating to Characters in Sophocles Plays1561 Words à |à 7 Pageshonoring the Greek God Dionysus, called The City Dionysia. For each festival a competition was held where competitors would write plays that were performed throughout the festival. At the conclusion the author of the best play was declared the winner. 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Sophocles uses a variety of literary techniques to strengthen the theme and central conflict of religion versus law. In Ancient Greek times, religion was known to play a direct and personal jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-84826695778415309012020-05-13T21:13:00.001-07:002020-05-13T21:13:03.829-07:00Legal And Ethical Dilemmas Of The Healthcare Industry Controversial topics exist in nearly every industry, but perhaps none more dramatic and differentiated than those issues in the Healthcare industry. Legal and ethical dilemmas are constantly present within the Healthcare industry, so it is important to understand the governing laws and that there is an understandable diversity of opinions on these sensitive topics, which can lead to differing opinions about the ââ¬Å"rightâ⬠thing to do in a particular situation (Harris, 2008). One such topic is that of a patientââ¬â¢s right to refuse treatment. The right to refuse medical treatment in the United States of America is typically traced back to the judicial opinions of court cases: Union Pacific Railway Co. v. Botsford, 141 U.S. 250, 251 (1891), which held that all individualââ¬â¢s had the right to possession and control of his person, free from all restraint or interference of others, unless by clear and unquestionable authority of law, and Schloendorff v. Society of New Yo rk Hospital, 105 N.E. 92, 93 (N.Y. 1914), which went a step further and stated that a surgeon who performs an operation without patientââ¬â¢s consent commits an assault, for which they are liable in damages (Standler, 2012). There are numerous court cases and various opinions on the topic of a patientââ¬â¢s right to refuse medical treatment, and this type of constant criticism leads to changes in law, the healthcare industry temperament, physician behavior, and patient treatment. 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Tort law and criminal law have one major similarity in that they are both meant to identify wrongdoers, start a corrective action on them while also deterring people from wrongdoing. Their objective entails maintaining the scales at a balance concerning all the events in society. They advanceRead MoreSimilarities Between Tort Law And Criminal Law1605 Words à |à 7 Pages1. Compare tort law and criminal law by identifying their similarities and differences. Conclude your analysis with examples how each may apply to health care providers who run afoul of legal standards. Tort law and criminal law have one major similarity in that they are both meant to identify wrongdoers, start a corrective action on them while also deterring people from wrongdoing. Their objective entails maintaining the scales at a balance concerning all the events in society. They advance justiceRead MoreThe Information Flow Of E Commerce1594 Words à |à 7 Pagesbecomes a dilemma for an organization to identify if a prospective investment in IT is desirable or not, the concerns are likely to vary from organization to organization and industry to industry. Ethical Issues in Healthcare The delivery of goods and services in the American healthcare system is strained due to various issues, there are concerns over the erratic coverage, inefficiencies in the system 3 pertaining to the compilation of the health records, uncertainty in the quality of healthcare servicesRead MoreA Theory Of Justice By John Rawls781 Words à |à 4 Pagesmany regulations, laws and standards of practice that healthcare workers must abide by. An ethical issue can occur when a doctor performs an abortion that is legal but may not be considered ethical by other health care professionals or members of the public at large. Other ethical dilemmas arise at the end of life, when a decision must be made to turn off life-support machines and allow death to occur (Greenwood, 2015). There are more ethical issues that a health care professional might face on anRead MoreEthical Issues in Healthcare Research Essay771 Words à |à 4 PagesThere are many ethical issues in the healthcare field. These issues range from insurance coverage, senior care, childhood immunizations, beneficence, abortion, medicinal marijuana, honesty and medical research (Fritzsche, D., 2004). Today we will discuss the ethical concerns in only one aspect of heath care and that topic is research (Benatar, S., 2000). Medical research is necessary in order to make strides in health care, introduce new medications, to discover new symptoms and disorders and toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses how jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-45164128834921487862020-05-06T14:18:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:18:43.039-07:00Externalities of Smoking Free Essays In the paper Iââ¬â¢m going to discuss the externalities of second-hand smoke. Externalities refer to all costs or benefits of a market activity borne by a third party. Itââ¬â¢s also the difference between the social and private costs (benefits) of a market activity. We will write a custom essay sample on Externalities of Smoking or any similar topic only for you Order Now When economic agents are not directly involved, negative externalities can exist, such as pollution. Second-hand smoke is a health hazard at any level (Essentials Of economics, Bradley R. Schiller). Itââ¬â¢s to be said that smoking bans are the only way to protect nonsmokers.Although many states and hundreds of cities have passed smoke-free laws, more than 126 million Americans ages 3 and older continue to be exposed to secondhand smoke. Nearly 50,000 nonsmokers die from the secondhand smoke each year. Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke at home or work increase their risk of heart disease and cancer. Brief exposure to smoke, damages cells, beginning a process that can lead to cancer, and increase the risk of blood clots (USA today: June 28, 2006).Secondhand smoke kills 46,000 adult nonsmokers from heart disease, 3,000 nonsmokers from lung cancer, and 430 newborns from sudden infant death syndrome. In children it causes 790,000 ear infections, 200,000 episodes of asthma, at least 24,000 low birth weight or preterm deliveries. When non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke itââ¬â¢s called involuntary smoking or passive smoking. Regardless if youââ¬â¢re smoking or not, if youââ¬â¢re around someone who is smoking youââ¬â¢re taking in nicotine and other toxic chemicals just like smokers do.The workplace is a major source of secondhand smoke exposure for adults (USA today: June 28, 2006). Secondhand smoke meets the standard to be classified as a potential cancer-causing agent by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cancer. org). Separating smokers from non-smokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating the building cannot prevent exposure if people still smoke inside the building. Most people can be exposed in public places such as restaurants, shopping centers, public transportation, schools, and daycare centers.Some businesses seem to be afraid to ban smoking, but there is no proof that going smoke-free is bad for business. Public places where children go are a special area of concern (cancer. org). Making your home smoke free is healthier for your family. Secondhand smoke imposes significant costs on nonsmokers and society, according to a recent society of Actuaries study that concluded the annual cost of excess medical care, mortality and morbidity from secondhand smoke exposure in the U. S is approximately $ 10 billion(18 Aug 2005). The study also found that medicals costs for caring for people exposed to secondhand smoke have reached more than $2. 5 billion (medicalnewstoday. com). All the money you spend on cigarettes is just going to the company that makes them. So youââ¬â¢re giving this company all this money to just smoke a cigarette. On average most people pay about close to seven dollars for a box of cigarettes. Not only is this harmful to you, but its as harmful to the people around you. When you smoke in front of someone their inhaling all the chemicals that are carried In that one cigarette.So in conclusion this affects the economy so much, because people who donââ¬â¢t even smoke have to pay for all types of medicals bills. Just from getting secondhand smoke from others. I myself donââ¬â¢t think they should banned smoking. But there should be sections in public places which are meant for smokers. Some people canââ¬â¢t just stop smoking no matter what they do. So at the same time we have to respect their needs. And their needs are nicotine. Sources ?Cancer. org ?Medicalnewstoday. com ?USA today: June 28, 2006 ?Essentials of economics (Bradley R. Schiller) How to cite Externalities of Smoking, Papers jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-25372629858817794392020-05-05T15:09:00.001-07:002020-05-05T15:09:16.273-07:00Love story Essay Example For Students Love story Essay Ive never been one for Love Stories, but this one touched me in a BIG way. It happened to a friend of mine and Ill never forget the way that it changed him. For as long as I knew Sebastian he had always liked the women folk. He never, ever went through the cootie stage. I remember when he turned five years old that he bawled his eyes out because he couldnt marry a girl whom at the time was probably twelve. That was all he wanted. He changed thoughsomehow he changed. I will try to tell you his story the best that I can. Actually the story is about me, for I am that friend, Billy. The day was beautiful, not a cloud in the sky. Just the kind of day that I had been waiting for. I walked across the courtyard trying to find her. My heart was racing about a hundred miles an hour. I kept on asking myself, Do I have the guts? Finally I saw her. The sunlight made her beautiful blonde hair look angelic. Her face was glowing and her lips as red as apples. I just wanted to go up to her and plant this big, wet, sloppy kiss on her that would make her forget her name. Ive got to do it, I said to myself. I walked up to her, almost in slow motion. When I was about two feet away she turned around and look deep in to my eyes. It was like we were looking in past our eyes down to our soul. Finally, we stood face to face. We stared at each other for at least a good five minutes when we both went for each others lips. I closed my eyes. When I was a centimeter away from her luscious lips, I heard a voice scream. When I opened my eyes I found myself about to kiss my history teacher Mrs. Jenkins. I jumped up and took my seat. The class was laughing hysterically loud. My face was as red as the apple on Mrs. Jenkins desk. I felt myself sinking down into my chair like I would never crawl out of it. I thought to myself Ive got to quit day dreaming! I was so relieved when the bell rang for lunch. I rushed outside as quick as I could. I ran to my locker and tried to crawl in it. Just then my best friend Chris ran up to me laughing his head off. Hey Billy! I heard what you tried to do with Mrs. Jenkins. KISS, KISS, KISS.If it was anyone else, anyone, I would have hit him in that pretty little face of his, but since it was Chris I decided not to. Chris is a nice guy. Ive known him since we were little. He is like a brother to me. Besides he is a lot stronger than I am and probably worked me over pretty good. Man Chris how did you find out so quick?It was kind of a stupid question. I mean when you go to school in a town called Cornville everything gets around. Most of us though, who went to school at Cornville High, didnt live in Cornville, it was just a good school. Chris was about to say something when his jaw dropped to the floor. It was like he saw an angel or something. I cant believe that its true. Its impossible.I heard there was a new girl on campus that was prettier than anything that you had ever seen in your life, and shes coming this way.Excuse me. Im new here can you tell me where Mr. Coles class is?I turned around and there she was! She was tall and drop dead gorgeous. She had long brown hair and beautiful big brown eyes. Her smile was unlike anything that I had ever seen. She was so beautiful that I cant describe her, it would do her injustice. My whole body went totally numb. I was so afraid to say anything because I would just drool all over her. Was I sweating? It took e verything with in me to say anything. .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .postImageUrl , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:hover , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:visited , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:active { border:0!important; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:active , .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468 .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua2f5d787438d4b80fdcd8ba2b73f8468:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anti-Federalist EssayI I I think youre hot! I I I mean. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-11954419654191510132020-04-02T11:44:00.001-07:002020-04-02T11:44:02.800-07:00Ritz Carlton Hotel Introduction Ritz-Carlton Hotels is a well known company with a good reputation globally especially when it comes to exemplary customer service. It has a unique corporate culture from other hotels and lodgings across the globe. Its guests are always given a royal treatment by exceptionally trained employees in every detailed standard. It also has a unique motto printed on employeesââ¬â¢ cards; ââ¬Å"we are Ladies and Gentleman serving Ladies and Gentleman.â⬠Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Ritz Carlton Hotel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company is currently operating a different customer approach it adopted in mid 2006; ââ¬Å"do not tell employees how to make guests happyâ⬠. The old one was so prescriptive and scripted. The current approach is based on outcomes. However, this has not affected the companyââ¬â¢s goal which is to make a guest happy by rendering better services. In this new customer service philosophy, staff members react with the guests in a natural environment unlike in the old approach which seemed like they were reading from a book. Cultural dimensions The current organization culture at Ritz-Carlton can be described as outcome-oriented. Managersââ¬â¢ focus is more on results; the reason why they insist on pleasing a guest. The manner in which employees do this is no longer the managersââ¬â¢ concern unlike in the old culture where employees were expected to follow laid down rules to reach this objective. The managers do not just expect the guests to be happy but also delighted by the services offered by the employees. The company executive also considers this during selection of new staff members. The advantage of this culture is that executive focuses less on managing employees (Forssell, 2004). Once they have picked the right people, they give them the opportunity to spread their wings. They almost donââ¬â¢t have to manage employees. Ho wever, this culture may omit certain aspects in the early stage that affect the overall performance of the organization because it only focuses on results (Robbins, 2011). Another cultural dimension that has been taken by this organization since 2006 is people orientation. From the motto; ââ¬Å"we are Ladies and Gentleman serving Ladies and Gentlemanâ⬠, it is clear that the employees are also considered special by the organization. This culture shows that it is not just the business that maters but also the employees who work tirelessly to ensure that guest receive a better treatment.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The success of a business does not necessarily mean building a market share but connecting to the target. This culture is important because employees who connect to the guests are already motivated to work. Another important aspect of this cultural dimensi on is that managers are always patient and factor every personââ¬â¢s opinion before making any decision (Ballantine and Roberts, 2010). The dangerous aspect of this approach, however, is that main purpose of a luxury hotel can be forgotten. It is so dangerous to prioritize on the employees needs more than the customers. It, therefore, becomes hard to determine who comes first. Even though the motto appears as if the two are treated equally, sticking this balance is never easy especially when a company wants to increase its revenue. Qualities and skills needed at Ritz-Colton I would wish to work at Ritz Carlton. As a new employee in a highly competitive industry, there would be need to polish and sharpen my communication skills. I will also have to be organized because that is all hospitality demands. Languages are another mandatory skill in the success of this industry. Ritz-Colton is an upscale outlet hence there are chances of working with guests from different parts of the wor ld. The success of this company, therefore, requires multi-lingual individuals. Having an ability to stay calm under pressure and also being able to work under strict deadlines also form part of required skills in this field. The culture at Ritz-Colton This organization has a strong culture because operations of employees are strongly influenced by the two cultural dimensions it has taken. The employees, for instance, have the motto of Ritz-Colton embedded on their cards to keep them on toes. They have to abide by the organizationââ¬â¢s philosophies to ensure that objectives are reached. Due to these laid down principles, employees are committed to the organization. They also pledge their loyalty to the organization when they sign performances contracts and agree to treat their guest with dignity. This strong culture helps in recruiting an explicit team for a luxury hotel. New members are highly scrutinized because they are supposed to meet the quality standards expected by the i ncoming guests. Socialization becomes easy because the culture binds them together thereby creating an opportunity of teamwork that increases productivity. Due to the fact that the employees easily identify with the organization, the sense of belonging is another motivating factor. In a luxury hotel, employees need to be motivated in order to afford a smile while handling the guests.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Ritz Carlton Hotel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion I would consider being a fourth wheel to this organization because it is so clear, from the motto, that Ritz-Colton treats its employees with the dignity they deserve. Such organizations provide a good natural environment for learning. The motto also shows that unity exist between the employees thereby creating a good and strong cultural environment for the team. With the high competition in this field, Ritz-Colton would be my choice of a workplace. References Ballantine, J. H., Roberts, K. A. (2010). Our social world: Condensed version. Los Angeles, Calif: SAGE/Pine Forge Press Forssell, D. C. (2004). Management and leadership: Insight for effective practice. Hayward, CA: Living Control Systems Publishing. Robbins, S. P., Robbins, S. P. (2011). Management. Harlow, England: Pearson Education. This report on Ritz Carlton Hotel was written and submitted by user Joaquin Anderson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-37985031322309291102020-03-08T04:26:00.001-07:002020-03-08T04:26:01.937-07:00Short History of KwanzaaShort History of Kwanzaa Free Online Research Papers In this short essay I am going to discuss the history of Kwanzaa. I am going to briefly discuss how Kwanzaa came about, and how it is traditionally practiced. Kwanzaa is a non-religious African American holiday that emphasizes family, culture, and community. In 1966 Dr. Maulana Karenga, a professor of African American Studies, at the University of California, Long Beach, wanted to find a way to bring African Americans together as a community. He started to research traditional African harvest celebrations, particularly Karenga. Karenga combines harvest celebrations from several different tribes, such as those from the Ashanti and Zulu tribe. The name Kwanzaa is taken from the Swahili phrase ââ¬Å"matunda ya kwanza,â⬠which means first fruits. Kwanzaa is celebrated over the seven days between Christmas and New Years. While every family celebrates Kwanzaa a little bit differently, most partake in traditional dances, music, literature and a large traditionally African meal. At the end of each of the seven nights a child lights a candle on the Kinara, a candle stick that holds seven candles, while the family discusses one of the Nguzo Sabaââ¬â¢s. Nguzo Saba means seven principles in Swahili. The seven principles are unity, self-determination, responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity, and faith. The center candle is the only black candle and is lit the first night; it represents unity which is part of the main basis that Kwanzaa is built on. Kwanzaa is a very important part of African Americans embracing their culture and a way to bring the community together in celebration of their roots. Research Papers on Short History of KwanzaaBringing Democracy to AfricaHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XCapital PunishmentPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenWhere Wild and West Meet jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-61008593156666444962020-02-20T18:50:00.001-08:002020-02-20T18:50:02.871-08:00Steve jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsSteve jobs - Essay Example While the later part will indicate how his life influenced mine in particular. Steve Jobs, the man and the innovator, was of a very buoyant character. Upon research, we realize that Jobââ¬â¢s life was like a roller coaster ride in most meanings. He started out as a college dropout, who did not have the financial means to support education, worked his way up and became immortal. Baig and Aamir (2013) encapsulate Jobsââ¬â¢ desire, motivation and also his diligence, to rise from humble beginnings to the pinnacle of corporate success, in the following words, ââ¬ËIn 1976, before Co-founding Apple Inc., Steve Jobââ¬â¢s worked at Atari.ââ¬â¢ He teamed up with his friend Steve Wozniak to establish the company that went on to be named Apple Computer. Apple computers, an essential part of many peoples' lives today; was initially an idea conceived in Jobs' garage. Having fallen out with his first financier, Jobs was forced to seek capital elsewhere. Following the success of Apple II in 1977, Wozniak left the project to go back to university while Jobs was fired by Scully (CEO at the time) from the company he had created from scratch Exploring alternatives every time he met a dead end, Jobs never let his circumstances hinder his ambitions. He was fired from his own company yet evolved as per the requirements and founded the production house which gave us the block buster Toy Story trilogy. "While Jobs was away from Apple, he founded NeXT Computer and developed Pixar out of the Computer Graphics." (Webster, 2013) Not only did Jobs completely revolutionize the world's perspective on household use of technology, but also made it much simpler and user friendly. This view is endorsed by Aziz (2013) as he states, ââ¬ËHis vision for the next generation computer was so far ahead that it was mind boggling for everyone.ââ¬â¢ There was a time when, in order to use a computer, you had to be a computer genius; not anymore.Jobsââ¬â¢ Graphical User Interface made sure that folders looked like folders and files like files, making computers viable for people other than brain surgeons and rocket scientists, with no need of coding knowledge (Webster, 2013). This transition of computers, from being a novelty, exclusive only to the smartest minds, was truly the hallmark of Jobsââ¬â¢ innovation. Who else better to personify his yearning for change, transition and the evolution of technology, than Jobs himself. As heââ¬â¢s cited by Anderson (2011), ââ¬Å"Hereââ¬â¢s to the crazy ones, the rebels, the troublemakers, the ones who see things differently. While some may see them as the crazy ones, we see genius because the people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are the ones who do.â⬠After 1991 Microsoft's Windows was rising fast while Apple went into decline as managerial politics caused disturbances. ââ¬ËJobs was invited back to Apple when the company was in trouble having lost huge market shares roughly from 1 2 per cent of PC use in countries where Macs were available, to fewer than 3 per cent.ââ¬â¢ (Webster, 2013). Although Jobs was reluctant at first, he accepted the offer under certain conditions and went on to make Apple an example of glowing success as we see it today. Spinelli Jr. (2011) summarizes Jobsââ¬â¢ second-coming in the following words, ââ¬ËHe knew how to think constructively about hardware and software, beautiful design and great function, the new ways to provide jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-4776622117406046012020-02-04T23:46:00.001-08:002020-02-04T23:46:02.564-08:00Question answer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1Question answer - Assignment Example mains, and for instance a mathematician can prove the conjecture that bundles of order two are commutative, from the axioms of the group theory, hence an accountant might develop axioms that define how the company grows and functions. These axioms eventually prove that employees health decrease with age. This example and several other tasks can be done by the ATP system, provided there is a suitable formulation of the problem in these three ways; conjecture, axioms and hypotheses. David Wheeler, born in 1927, is widely acknowledged as a significant pioneer in computing having invented the relational database model. According to Hey & Paà pay 2014, David Wheeler is a British computing pioneer, who made a significant contribution in the construction and programming of the EDSAC computer. à The relational model designed for database management is a model that is founded on the initial order predicate logic, and it is originally developed and presented by David Wheeler. In this model for the database, every data is displayed in the form of tuples, bundled into relations. A database developed in the form of the relational model is the relational database, and the purpose of the relational model is contrived to offer a declarative system for specifying the data and questions. In retrospect, the users directly declare what information the database has and the information they need from the database management system. Subsequently, the software takes care of defi ning the data structures of storing the information and retrieval system for answering the questions. Currently, a number of relational database use the SQL data description and question language, and these systems employ the engineering approximation that is the relational model. Henderson 2009, asserts that Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nyagarard are pioneers in computing and are widely acknowledged for the ideas in object oriented programming through their development of the programming languages Simula 1 and jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-11079509486532748382020-01-27T20:08:00.001-08:002020-01-27T20:08:06.979-08:00Dark Tourism And Ethical Issues Tourism EssayDark Tourism And Ethical Issues Tourism Essay Abstract The research project aimed to do a critical analysis of the ethical issues of dark tourism. Six research objectives were set out to help achieve this aim. In the process of gathering relevant information on this topic, an analysis of dark tourism throughout the years will be done, followed by the commitment of different authors. Furthermore, by examine in depth both the consumers and providers point of views to further understand the ethical dilemma of dark tourism, the research project will highlight the main problems that occur within this sector of tourism. Secondary research has been chosen as a main research method. A wide variety of literature was gathered on the concept of culture and tourism by using a snowball sampling of secondary literature. This type of sampling was carried out by using the authors list of references to highlight other articles that might be of relevance. The findings indicated that, it may be possible to state that ethical issues will always continue to exist around dark tourism, as long dark tourism itself exists too. Recommendation has been given on the importance of the consideration of the ethicalities of dark tourism. As conclusion indicated, ethical issues cannot be understated, and both consumers and providers may want to work together, if in the future, we still would like to know about our history through the form of tourism instead through textbooks and education. Introduction Hall (1998) states that tourism is the worlds largest industry, and it is expected to continue to grow, develop and maintain. The tourist industry is a major economic, environmental and socio-cultural force, and it becomes a lifestyle for millions of people on our planet. Its beneficial effect on the development of political, social, cultural relations and international relations on a global scale has become an obvious fact to all countries around the world. (Meethan, 2001) Over the last half century it is seeing that tourists have long been attracted to places or events associated in one way or another with death, disaster and suffering. (Stone, 2009a) All these sites and many more which are similar, are what are called sites for dark tourism according to main theorists John Lennon and Malcolm Foley, also known as Thanatourism (Seaton, 1996 cited in Ryan et al, 2005) and Black Spots (Rojek, 1997). This form of tourism is what Seaton (1999) defines is about travelling to sites associated with death, suffering and other tragic events that have become significant tourist destinations. In fact, the act of touristic travel to places of death, war, genocide, assassination and disasters is becoming the most developing branch of tourism during the past years and cultural activity within contemporary society. At the same time, there is evidence of a greater willingness or desire on the part of tourists to visit dark attractions and the sites of dark events. (Stone, 2009a) For example, thousands of tourists come to Pont de lAlma Road Tunnel in Paris, to lay flowers and light candles in unofficial memorial of Princess Diana of Wales, where she died in car accident. With the growing popularity of this kind of tourism within the dark tourism market (Tunbridge and Ashworth, 1996), the ethical issues surrounding it will need to be enquired. Ethics plays a role in nearly every business related decision. (Hartman, 1998) With the consumers and providers participating in this growth of phenomenon of dark tourism, as they potentially contrasting ethical perspectives towards dark tourism may be different. Whereas a providers means of preserving history is to charge people to maintain its upkeep, the consumers may see it as money making scheme in the expense of the deceased lives of the site. Whereas the providers means of letting people know its history is through interpretation of vulgar images, may seem unethically unpleasant for consumers. The dissertation will focus on the question of ethics in dark tourism, thereby advancing knowledge and understanding of dark tourism itself. Aim The aim of the project is a critical analysis of the ethical issue of dark tourism. Whether the death could be sold and consumed throw dark attractions and national tragedies. Objectives To define Dark Tourism To define the concept of ethics To examine in depth both the consumers and providers point of views to further understand the ethical dilemma of dark tourism. To use Stone (2006)s shades of darkness spectrum as a tool for measuring different levels of dark tourism sites To establish a conceptual ethical framework for the study of selling provocative narratives of national tragedy in heritage situations To suggest recommendations on the ethical issues Rationale Despite the long history of dark tourism and evidence of travel to sites associated with death, the academic attention on this phenomenon has recently appeared. As a result, a number of fundamental questions with respect to dark tourism remain unanswered. (Stone, 2009a) This topic has been chosen due to a lack of research carried out on ethical and moral issues of dark tourism. The project can be useful to gain more knowledge into the topic of dark tourism. The study of dark tourism is important for a number of reasons. It can be used for educational purposes of wider social interest or for means of enjoyment. In relation to this Stone.R (2009, p.7) states: à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ Dark tourism provides the opportunity for tourists to experience playful houses of horror, discover places of pilgrimage such as the graves or death sites of famous people or visit sites of major disasters or atrocities Nevertheless, all these attractions require a deep understanding within cultural, social, historical and political context, effective interpretation and development. Otherwise the nature of dark tourism, in particular, the debates and conflicts it represent, will point to a number of issues that demand examination and understanding, such as ethics and morality. Whether people visit these sites for remembrance, education or entertainment purposes, there will be one dilemma relating to many dark attractions: if it is ethical and moral to sell, promote or offer death for touristic consumption. For example, millions of tourists stop alongside with those, who mourning the loss of loved ones, to see where the World Trade Center once stood in New York. In order to research the dilemma of the ethics and morality of dark tourism, it is necessary to realise that dark tourism is fascinating, emotive and provocative and it is important to explore many features of dark tourism, which may be perceived unethical by some people. Stone (2009a) states: à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Consequently, the ethics of dark tourismà are perhaps part of the broader research agenda. Ultimately, from this research a fuller understanding of dark tourismà shall be made, and thus knowledge of the phenomenon advanced. Naturally, anyone researching dark tourism should consider the ethics of their research, in particular how data is both gathered and presented Furthermore a case study will be conducted in order to have a closer look at the situation and the major problems occurring regarding ethical issues of dark tourism. In addition, the researcher is originally interested in dark tourism phenomenon. For the past 2 years the researcher has visited the numerous places of death and disaster such as Chernobyl, and has noticed that it is becoming increasingly popular. The researcher also found out that, for 2 years there are numerous quantity of debates on particular dilemma, which will be analysed in the dissertation. It is hoped that this study will have an impact on understanding dark tourism. In addition, it is also hoped that this project will draw more attention to ethical issues and provide a new point of view for those, who does not accept truth and reality of dark sites or attractions. Literature Review Roberts (2004, p.73) defines a literature review as, à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦locating, analysing, synthesising and interpreting previous researchà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ This section will be used to establish theoretical framework, identify models and studies and define key terminology in relation to dark tourism and ethics. All research that has been conducted will be presented within this section. An in-depth review of the literature has been done in order to gather relevant information on dark tourism itself and ethical issues throughout the years. The literature matrix illustrates the main areas which are perceived to be the most important in relation to the topic of dark tourism ethical issues. By creating a literature review matrix, it would help the researcher contrast and compare the authors work easily. As a result by carrying out a detailed review of the literature it could possibly identify important questions, key issues and noticeable gaps within the current knowledge on the topic. Dark Tourism: Definitions Only in recent years that it has been together referred to as dark tourism, travel to places associated with death, disaster and destruction has occurred as long as people have been able to travel. In many cases there is no clear definition of this tourism niche. Although, the term dark tourism was firstly created by Foley and Lennon (1996a,b). For Foley and Lennon, the term dark tourism relates primarily to the presentation and consumption (by visitors) of real and commodià ¬Ã ed death and disaster sites (1996a:198); a broad deà ¬Ã nition later reà ¬Ã ned by their assertion that dark tourism is an intimation of post-modernity (Lennon and Foley 2000:11). At the same time, another terminology has been applied to the phenomenon. Seaton (1996) refers to death-related tourist activity as thanatourism, while other labels include morbid tourism (Blom, 2000), Rojek (1993) offered a Black Spot tourism definition, grief tourism and milking the macabre (Dann, 1994:61). Nevertheless, there is a factor, which is common to all these terms of tourism. It is all about association, in one form or another, between a tourism site, attraction or experience and death, disaster of suffering. As a result, definitions of dark tourism focus on connection between tourism and death. Tarlow (2005:48), for example, gives identification for dark tourism as visitations to places where tragedies or historically noteworthy death has occurred and that continue to impact our lives, a definition that aligns dark tourism somewhat barely to certain sites and hints at particular motives. Miles (2002) states that, however it excludes many dark sited and attractions related to, while not necessarily the site of, death and disaster. Therefore, for the purposes of this research project, the author will define dark tourism, according to Stone (2006, a) simply and generally as the act of travel to sites associated with death, suffering and the seemingly macabre. Ethics Stone (2006,a) states that ethics and the morality of selling provocative and sensitive narrative through heritage to the touring and visiting community is more established and documented problem of dark tourism. Ethics have been conceptualised as a set of rules and principles, concerning rightful conduct based on our most deeply held values, the things we most cherish and the things we most despise.(Lieberman, 2000). The term can also refer to the systematic study of way of thinking about how we ought to behave and finding a rational way of how we ought to live. Ethics and morality suggest a set of duties that require subordination of natural desires in order to obey the moral law (Singer, 1994). The 20th century saw philosophers approaching the problem of the origin of ethics as something unreachable. Among the most publicised conceptual thinkers in the field of ethics have been (Singer, 1994:18): Thrasymachus ( 4th century) and the thesis that ethics are imposed on the weak by the strong; Socrates (4th century) and the thesis that the ruler is not concerned with his own interests, but with that of the subject; Hobbes (17th century) and his statement that ethics give the ruler a right to to command and to be complied; Nietzsche (19th century) who proposed morality is the creation of the herd'(led more fear than hope) Ethics and Moralisation in Tourism There are numerous schools of thoughts and opinions, and literature on the board subject of ethics is prevalent. What is more significant in the situation of the dark tourism is suggesting a conceptual ethical framework for the analysis of providing and selling provocative narratives of nationwide tragedy in heritage settings. This study is concerned with two main and obvious parts of ethics and morality as follows: Business ethics and the extent to which businesses within the heritage industry which communicate a dark narrative to the visiting public consider their practices to be ethical( Stone, 2006,a) Personal morality and the extent to which these often provocative narratives are received and are passable according to the moral principles of visitors from widely varying cultural backgrounds. ( Stone, 2006,a) According to Stone (2006,a) the term business ethics has been described at the extreme as an oxymoron in the corporate world since some argue that morality, as Butcher ( 2003) states, is intrinsically absent in capitalist entrepreneurial ventures. At the moment the issue of business ethics is a conspicuous subject attracting attention from a number of communities of interest, such as consumers, pressure groups and the media (Strange and Kempa, 2003). According to Crane Matten (2007), corporate social responsibility is a dominant strand of the converse of business ethics and has been contrived to refer to the implicit process of communicating a legal and institutional corporate framework within which a duty of care (to people, the environment and employees among others) is implied. For dark tourism, it has not been fully elaborated upon in this context since there present different problems in communicating the social responsibility of these types of heritage sites, such as: The esotericism in the scope of what is morally acceptable to various communities of interest: is there a hierarchical order of care or responsibility that must be demonstrated? Stone (2006, a) provides example of Auschwitz as the most responsible way to admit visitors in compliance with the moral and ethical codes of the relatives of prisoners and victims, but also with the moral principles of other visitor types such as Polish visitors, young visitors. Conflicts of interest, according to Ryan et al (2005), are common in heritage but more morally charged where the narrative is provocative and contested Is it ethical to adopt another national tragedy and inculcate it with new national discourse? Cole (1999a) provides this in a context of the United States Holocaust memorial Museum which he disputes Americanises European Jewish tragedy, repacking Holocaust for American mass consumption in theatre, tourism and heritage. In general, these discourses of corporate social responsibility are present in language of many operations thus far defined as being in the dark tourism business Stone (2006a) states, that traditionally, tourism ethics are discussed in the context of tourism as a major economic engine that can wreak havoc on the environment and can negatively temper the influence host communities in destinations imagined as culturally sensitive Cheong and Miller (2000) discuss tourism ethics in terms of normalising what is acceptable or not acceptable, and an inspecting gaze influenced by the manipulation of imagery in tourism marketing. Tourism activity offers a rare, observable form of ethical behaviour. Tourists vote with their feet and demonstrate in visiting dark heritage sites that these are morally acceptable spaces to occupy. Ethical discourses linked to the production and consumption of contested heritage sites are shaped and maintained by many voices Stone (2006a). The issue of remembering tragedy and oppression in heritage sites and to whom memory is entrusted, is at the centre of academic debate surrounding truth and appropriate narratives broadcast by dark tourism sites. Summary of the literature review Issues in literature review has been addressed which stress the importance of the different definitions to cultural tourism suggested by different authors. The results of this literature review have enabled the author to complete the first objective of the study by demonstrating an understanding of the ethical issues of dark tourism, what dark tourism itself is and what ethical framework is. Using a wide range of modern academic perspectives has helped to illustrate meaning of dark tourism ethics academic perspective, which can be used in the following chapters in reviewing the main findings of the study undertaken. The matrix figure provides a summary of the main points generated by each academic paper and compares and contrasts the various authors views. The matrix figure illustrates the context of cultural tourism referred to in academic papers and books utilized in the literature review. It demonstrates that the opinions of the different authors are both different and similar. Methodology This section of dissertation is going to study the different research methods used within this project. In order to make this research project successful, it is important that appropriate research methods or techniques have to be chosen. The purpose of a methodology is to demonstrate, explain and justify the research methods used in this dissertation. According to Krippendorff (2004) the purpose of a methodology is to help the researcher effectively plan and examine the logic, composition and protocols of the research methods that have been used in research project. The researcher will present a summary of the sources of information gathered; a description of the procedure used to obtain information and the various research methods will be discussed. Furthermore, by completing the methodology it will demonstrate how a systematic investigation was applied into the topic of dark tourism. Choice of Research Design Secondary Data Sharp et al. (2002, p139) define two categories of data which are: primary data that the researcher collects through observations, interviews, questionnaires and etc.; and secondary data that have been collected by other previous researchers. As the author of this dissertation has already mentioned before, in order to perform this research project in successful way, two categories of data and different research methods should be investigated. This research project will be primarily based on secondary research because the primary research is not needed as all the information is already available through secondary research sources, such as books, journals and newspapers. What is more, in order to achieve the aim that has to be investigated, the best method of research would be secondary research. To enhance the existing but very little evidence of the posed topic, secondary research was gathered. Ghosh and Chopra (2003, p.33) define the term secondary research as: data which are already in existence and collected by others, not by the investigator and are available in published and unpublished forms Secondary research was chosen as the quickest and the easiest way to access and is the most cost effective approach to this research project as well. Veal (2006) confirms this by stating that secondary data often provides researchers with rapid answers to some questions at less cost than it would to undergo primary research. Furthermore, if there is enough secondary research to base the study on then it would be a waste of resources to collect new information for the same purposes (Veal, 2006).What is more, secondary research seemed more relevant than primary research. This was because there was wide variety of literature on the subject of dark tourism and ethical issues, sourced from University College Birmingham library, with many books containing relevant information, which will be discussed later. Primary Data The Oxford English Dictionary (2002) defines primary research which is collected for a specific and immediate research need There are many different ways in which to carry out primary research. In order of this research topic, the author found that many of the theories couldnt be backed up with primary data and with a suitable sample. For the purpose of this research project, primary research could be used to gather relevant data and access a large population of students at University College Birmingham and other universities situated in Birmingham. One of the core methods of carrying out primary research is through questionnaires. Mainly, there are two forms of questionnaires: open ended and closed ended. Open ended questionnaires are likely to have unlimited answers to a set of alternatives and likely to receive long answers. However, the difficulty is that they are difficult to analyse and as they seem to hand the baton of control over to the other person. Closed ended questions impose a direct risk to the validity of findings and can be answered with either a single word or a short phrase. Another form of primary research, which was considered were interviews. The Oxford English Dictionary (2002) defines interview as formal discussion between two parties in which information is exchanged. It is possible to say, that it is all about asking questions and receiving the answers. Therefore in this research project, due to difficulties in collecting the required data and access a large population for testing along the facilities required to carry out, a primary research would not be useful in gathering relevant data and the researcher will benefit further from analysing secondary data from literature. Obtaining Research The majority of secondary research for this dissertation was gathered from books, academically reviewed journals, on-line factual reports, newspapers and the internet. All this sources can justify the point of view of an author and provide relevant information about the research project. The most easily accessible secondary research method that the author of dissertation found was the usage text books. Text books were primarily used to gain background knowledge and obtain a wider understanding of specific topics. The advantage of using books is because it gives a clear understanding and academic information. As it was already mentioned before, this method was the easiest, because the researcher could get them not just from the University College Birmingham library, but also to the online library supplied by the University and other on-line organisations such as Amazon, EBay and Google. Key words had to be entered to find appropriate books from the on-line organisations and the library catalogue, the following key words were entered, dark tourism, dark tourism ethics, dark tourism and morality. There were some books which contained many different theories from the past to the present day. The researched decided that the most relevant authors for this research project were John Lennon and Malcolm Foley (2000) and Richard Sharpley and Phillip R.Stone (2009,a). Books for the methodology were found by entering the key words; research methods and methodology. The journals are preferred because they are accurate and provide up to date data, they are also more relevant to the topic as the dissertation is concentrated on the topic of consumers and providers point of views of dark tourism. The journals were accessed through academic search engines like Athens for example and journal databases such as ScienceDirect, Emerald Management Xtra. But unfortunately, these databases were not useful as they did not give any information on particular question, except ScienceDirect. Journals relating to the research topic were accessed with comfort as the researcher can type in key words and the database will present pages of journals that are associated with the key words. The key words the researcher typed in to each journal database were Dark tourism, ethical issues of dark tourism, ethics and morality, Dark tourism forum. To get more information, the researcher travelled to universities to view their journals however access to relevant information, w ere not as successful as it was to find them via the internet. On-line factual reports were used to obtain raw facts and figures; some of these reports include Mintel. Similarly to accessing the journals, key words were entered in order to retrieve the data, the key words that were entered were Dark tourism ethics, Dark tourism. Moreover, on-line articles were read in order to gain a wider perspective of the posed subject area. The usage of newspaper and internet will also be included in order to provide a variety of information and because they are easy of access. Newspapers are useful because they are up to date, however the information can be too subjective, and as for this particular topic of dark tourism, the researcher found newspapers not really useful, because of the lack of information on dark tourism. Internet was useful source of information; however the reader need to check if the source is reliable and information is updated. Websites are easy to access and easy to research information on and are also updated regularly. This variety of sources gives a better understanding of the subject. Construction of Design Out of all the research that has been taken, text books and academic journals were the most reliable and valid to use to back up any point. This is due to the fact that dark tourism is comparatively new phenomenon in tourism industry, books and academic journals are often published frequently throughout the year so the information that is provided is up to date. Furthermore, academic journals and text books are intensely reviewed by academic professionals before publication to ensure its validity. The author of dissertation aimed to gather resources that were only published after the year 1999 as this is relatively recent; however certain books have been used from a much earlier date due to their relevance to the research question. However, journals or books dated in the 80s or 90s will not consider as outdated. The selection of secondary data gathered has been published in a variety of places; it was thought that as the topic in question is ethical issue of dark tourism, then perhaps research published in a variety of countries would be useful to get a wide range of views from across the globe. Advantages and Disadvantages of Research Methods Although secondary research was the ideal research method to use for this research project, it does hold some disadvantages. There is always the risk that the author could include their own opinions, so they can strongly sway towards one point and books can be not updated on a regular basis. Also, with academic journals, there are many accurate topics and findings, however a fee is charged for many of them, some of which are only available to a certain group of people making them hard or even impossible to access, this could put a strain on the researchers findings. As for Mintel, some of reports were helpful, but not published yet for audience. Furthermore, Ghosh and Chopra (2003) mention that although it is more cost effective and less time consuming, the secondary research may not be as accurate as the researcher had hoped. Besides this, secondary research still remained ideal for the dissertation as the quality of data obtained can be better than the quality of primary research, as information gained through secondary sources could have been obtained using better and more advanced resources. Moreover, because of the lack of time and financial situation, secondary research was primarily used as being cost effective and less time consuming, it is also easy to access as it does not require any additional resources. Primary research was considered due to the fact that it is useful to gather relevant data and access a large population of students tailored to the researchers needs. However, it was rejected due to the lack of experience, funds and resources which could give a limit to the quality of the data gathered and as a result, being unsuccessful (Kumar, 2005). The researcher does not have any experience in carrying out primary research so in order to make the research project successful, it would be inappropriate for primary research to be undergone for this dissertation, and it would make more sense for the researcher to analyse findings from previous and more experienced researchers and academic professionals. Plan for Data Analysis As there is a variety of secondary information gathered, it is necessary for the researcher to analyse them carefully. This variety of sources gives a better understanding of the subject. Once it has all been collected, it will be thoroughly analysed to determine its validity and reliability, and those that are not pertinent will be rejected from being used for the dissertation. It is important that validity is measured carefully as Kirk and Miller (1986, p.71) mentions that perfect validity entails perfect reliability. In order to evaluate the collected research, the researcher will read over it and make their own judgments based on a number of factors surrounding it for example, the sources in which the information was collected from and the method in which the sources were collected. When applying the frame work, the researcher will use it to assess different aspects of the dark tourism ethics to conclude by providing final results to the aim. Summary This methodology has evaluated and justified the choice of research design for this dissertation. As secondary research is being used, the researcher has analysed this type of research by describing the advantages and disadvantages of it. After the collected research has been evaluated, the findings will be analysed and discussed in the following section. Analysis and Evaluation This section is essential as the researcher will be analysing and evaluating the findings of the research project. The main aspects of the results which were found in the data discussed in the literature review will be approached carefully in order to weigh up the arguments effectively. Dark tourism and ethical issues Among the more established dilemmas of dark tourism is ethics and morality. Dark tourism has often raised ethical debates and discussions about the ways in which leisure time and pleasure are mixed with tragedy (Kempa and Strange, 2003), as many people think some sites of dark tourism are too sensitive to present it for the world to see. In addition, management of dark tourism attraction is a sensitive issue which is difficult to undertake, and Tunbridge and Ashworth (1996) observed the misuse and abuse of sacred values for market benefit and entertainment purposes are more likely to occur at atrocity site than at other heritage sites. Moreover, as Stone (2009,a) states, the rights of those whose death is commoditised or commercialised through dark tourism represent an important ethical and moral dimension, which deserves depth consideration. However, although this may be the case, it actually varies depending on the sh jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-48218974274626892762020-01-19T16:32:00.001-08:002020-01-19T16:32:03.156-08:00Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Teen Parents Essay exTemporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Tenn Parents The American Public never loved social welfare programs, but it did not necessarily want them dismantled. In fact, by the early 1990s, nearly 50 percent of all households drew on government benefits from Food stamps to social security to mortgage interest tax deductions. To convince the public that it stood to gain from smaller government and weaker social programs, the reformers had to undermine the longstanding belief that government should play a large role in society. Abramovitz (1996) suggest that Civil rights gains were called reverse discrimination and the victories of the womenââ¬â¢s and gay rights movement were seen as a threat to ââ¬Å"family values.â⬠Having set the stage, the welfare reformers began the attack on the welfare state by targeting AFDC, the most vulnerable and least popular welfare program. Drawing on social science theories that blamed poverty on the values and behavior of the poor, the reformers put forward the belief that social problems stemmed from a ââ¬Å"culture of povertyâ⬠that promoted ââ¬Å"defectiveâ⬠values and ââ¬Å"deviantâ⬠behavior. In 1996, Congress passed and the President signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (P.L. 104-93). It combined AFDC (Aid to Families w/Dependent Children) JOBS, and Emergency Assistance into block grants of single capped entitlement to states and placed federal childcare funding into a separate block grant for Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). The new federal law known as TANF was implemented in most states within the year. Reflecting the ââ¬Å"work firstâ⬠approach, TANF placed a lifetime limit of five years on welfare eligibility. The new approach to welfare... ...Philadelphia, PA- Manlove, J. (1998) The influence of high school drop out and school disengagement on the risk of school age pregnancy, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8, 182-185 Mathews M. & Shelly, S. (1999) Turned away misinformed, and denied; Teen parents experience in the welfare office. Youth law News, July, August 1999 Roseman, E. & Yoshikawa, H. (1999) Effects of welfare reform on children of adolescent mother, moderation by maternal depression, father involvement and grandmother involvement Women and Health 32, June 1999. Vallerand R., Fortier M. & Guay F. (2000) School motivation for teens. Journal of Education Today, December 2000 Werthmeier, R. (1998). Childbearing by teens; Links to welfare reform. The Urban Institute, Fall Report, 1998 Zonker, L., (1997) Teenage pregnancy; Situation and strategies. The Florida Nurse, June, 1997 jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-34341584209464828272020-01-11T12:56:00.001-08:002020-01-11T12:56:04.806-08:00E.J. Computers Case EssayIntroduction The company I am going to be doing my project on is a small firm named E.J Computers. The company have been around for about a year and a half now and have 3 staff. Itââ¬â¢s run from a small shop, which they have just recently moved to and they are slowly expanding. Therefore I am going to introduce an Access database to help make the job of keeping the accounts work easier. Statement of problem The problem at the moment is that the company is currently using a paper-based way of doing their accounts. This way is still quite common, but it makes more work for the end-user, as he usually has to go rummaging through bits of paper and filing cabinets etc. Also a problem with doing it this way is that bits of paper etc could go missing and the data would be lost. Its slower, takes up more room and looks unprofessional. I am going to be creating a database for a computer store that sells various things, from computer parts and accessories to fully working systems. The database will consist of many tables, including ones for customer details, products, delivery etc. I will be making the database a relational database so that the tables will interact and it will make it much more easier for the end user to be able to do or get to what they want. A computer database will be a lot safer to keep the records on. If they desire the end user could use some form of data protection so that he viewing of the records are not accessible for anybody (by either pass wording it etc). This way is a lot faster, less hassle, takes up less space and I think it looks more professional. So I am going to be creating a database, which will meet all of these needs. My initial idea is to create a database consisting of 4 tables, one for the customer details, one for the components, one for the ready built computer systems, and one for the orders. Results from questionnaire I wrote a questionnaire, and took it to my end user so that he could fill it in. I got it back, and now I can use the information that he provided to enable me to design my database to suit his needs. Basically he has the appropriate equipment that is required for him to be able to use the database and he also has the knowledge. From the feedback that I got, he basically has left me to my own device on the formatting side, which is good because I can use my imagination a bit and hopefully make a good design. The end user has also said that he would also like a password on the database for data protection. This ensures that the confidential data of his customers remains confidential. He also said that he would like his database to consist of 4 tables, one for customer details, two for product details, and one for order details etc. Information about end userââ¬â¢s computer Fortunately, the end user already has a suitable computer system to enable him to use the database. The current system is an AMD Athlon 1500+ 512mb DDR pc2700 RAM, 40GB HDD, 40x CD re-writer, 3 1/2 â⬠Floppy disk, 17â⬠³ CRT Monitor. He also has sufficient software, which is a bonus. Is current operating system is Windows XP professional and he also has office 2000. Description of the previous system Input of the previous system At the moment the whole system is paper based. If a customer purchases an item, their details are written down on a little white card, this includes their name, address, telephone number etc and then it is stored into a filing case. Eddie then has to write out a receipt by hand and issue it to the customer. If a customer requires delivery, there is an extra fee for postage and packaging and their information gets put into a separate file where at the end of the day it will be processed. Process of the previous system After the information is collected it is left. Hey donââ¬â¢t use it for anything else like advertising or sending special offers. It is just stored in a cupboard and every time a customer phones up or comes into the store and purchases a product it is taken back out and another card is filled in. Output of the previous system Again, the information is not used for output at all, the do not send special offers or print receipts. The receipts are all manually drawn up and written out. All products are paid for up front; no credit is given so there are no fines and no need to use the data for output. Method used for the previous system Data Flow Diagram of the previous system Problems with previous System Main problems with the previous system Problem Solution Time consuming Database will be easy and quick to access and use. Storage All data will be stored on the computer and will be easily accessible and found. Untidy work area Database will be on a computer, which will be neatly stored on the desk. Untidy work All work will be word-processed, therefore the data will all be neat and easy to read. Unsafe Data The database will be pass worded so that no unauthorised access will be possible Requirements of the new system Objectives of the new system Using access 2000 I will be creating a database for the company, this will make the system a lot better for my end user. To enable me to get an idea if what my end user actually wants he has filled in a questionnaire for me. This should help me understand fully what the end-user wants. My database will consist of four tables, each table representing different parts of the company. The first table will be a table for the customerââ¬â¢s details, it will store the details of every customer that comes into the shop and purchases an item. It will store their name, address, telephone number and each one will have their own unique customer ID number. This information can then be used for any marketing schemes that my end-user comes up with and the data will be handy at all times. My second table will contain information about the components that are available for the customers to purchase. It will consist of a list of the products that the shop has on sale and the type of that product. It will have the price, the amount that the business has in stock and a short description. The third table will consist of a list of pre-built fully working systems that are on sale; it will have a field for system ID, the price, number in stock, and a specification of each computer system. I will then have a fourth table consisting of information of the orders that have been placed, it will have the customers ID, the ID of the product that they have ordered, how much it will cost, and whether or not it need to be delivered. How the objectives will be fulfilled Description of the new system Input of the new system As I said above I will be putting the customer and product information details into the database using a mouse and a keyboard. I will be using a mouse to select to appropriate options and applications. I will also be using a VDU so I can actually see the information that I will be putting into the system. Process of the new system The process of the system is going to be pretty simple, I spoke with my end-use and we decided that I will make queries and sorts for the tables so that the information is easier to find and get hold of. We decided that it would be a good idea if I also include a mail merged letter so that things do not have to be written time after time. Output of the new system My end user has out the point across, that the output of the system is not really as vital as the input. The main purpose of creating this database is so that the details are stored safely on the computer. However a printer will probably be needed for the purpose of printing out records, and letters etc. This is not a permanent thing and maybe things will change later but for now this would be the only output. Performance criteria and limitations of the proposed system Qualitative My database solution will enable the end user to be able to sort the customers surnames into alphabetical so that it makes it easier for the end user to be able to find a customers records. My end user will also be able to sort the prices of everything that he sells into price order (for example cheapest to most expensive). This will make it easier for the end user, so that if he gets a customer asking about certain products that are on sale he can easily do a quick sort and be able to tell the customer. Quantitative With the solution I have made my end-user will be able to find the following: * Begin using the database within 30 seconds of opening it. * Find a customer using name or ID within 15 seconds. * Find a certain product with information within 20 seconds. * Find out if there re any deliveries that need to be made within 20 seconds. System flow chart Software and Hardware considerations Hardware The hardware that I will be using to create my database is as follows: Computer system: 1.0Gghz Celeron Processor 256mb SD RAM 20gb HDD Internal AGP SiS 8.0mb GFX card 15â⬠³ Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor ââ¬â Sufficient size display so I can easily see what I am doing. Keyboard ââ¬â Standard RM keyboard enabling me to get the job done. Mouse ââ¬â 3 button Key Mouse to make selecting options easier. Laser Printer ââ¬â Printout copies of the work I am doing to take to my end-user to make sure it suits his needs accordingly. Some of my project will have to be completed at home in my own time on my own computer; my own computer consists of: AMD Athlon XP 1700+ 768mb DDR PC2700 RAM 40gb HDD NVIDIA Geforce4Ti 4800 SE Creative Sound Blaster 5.1 Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer 3.0 Optical (USB) Logitech Internet Navigator(tm) Keyboard Special Edition ââ¬â Black Software The software that I will be using to create my database is as follows: Microsoft Windows 98 SE Operating System Microsoft Windows NT Network Microsoft Office 2000: Word Access ââ¬â Mainly using access because it enables me to perform complex searches, have a splash screen and create an advanced database system. Excel FrontPage Outlook The software that I have on my computer at home, which will allow me to be able to design the database, is: Microsoft windows XP professional corporate edition Microsoft Office XP: Word Access Excel FrontPage Outlook Data security of the new system Use of passwords I am going to be using a password for my database, as my end user has requested it. My end ââ¬â user will need a password, to ensure customer confidentiality. The password will be a word requested by the end user and only he and his staff will have access to the password and therefore the database. I have suggested that my end user should change his password on a regular basis, to ensure that if the password is found out it will get changed again. This makes the whole system more secure. Also, to make sure that the system does not get infected by viruses I have also suggested that the end ââ¬â user invest in some form of anti ââ¬â virus software. The software I have suggested is Norton Anti ââ¬â Virus 2003 but it is down to the end ââ¬â users discretion whether or not he goes ahead with it. Differences and similarities between the current system and the proposed ICT solution Similarities There are not many similarities between the two systems, as the general idea was to change the system to make it a lot better. However there is one similarity between the two systems, the same information is entered into the database as is entered onto cards. This is only a small similarity, as the whole process is completely different now. Specification ââ¬â Design Possible solutions There were a few other possible solutions to my end-users problem; I came up with a number of alternatives but the database solution just seemed to stand out as being the best. The other solutions that I came up with which were taken into consideration by my end-user were as follows: * Swap the cards for sheets of paper, which could be stored in folder or filing cabinet. We decided that this would not be such a could idea, because its not really much of an improvement and my end-user needs a big improvement. * A spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel. We also decided against because is not a very efficient programme for the type of thing my end-user wants. You cannot perform clear searches or have different tables etc. * A table using Microsoft word. Again, we decided not to use word plainly because this programme is too simple and basic. It does not really include many advanced features like searches and the information cannot be stored neatly, which makes the information difficult to access. Reasons and justifications for final choice of software and hardware We eventually decided to go with the database using Microsoft Access, because overall we thought it was the best piece of software to use. A few of the reasons why we chose Microsoft Access are: * You can perform searches and queries * Data is easily accessed * Modern * You can create tables which are linked together * Create mail merged letters * Password In my hardware section I have already specified what I will be using for hardware. This specification of hardware is suitable for me to create the database because it offers enough speed and memory (both virtual and physical) to enable to be able to work efficiently. This is because the bigger the processor the bigger amount of RAM, all makes the computer a lot faster. Outputs required by the end user The outputs that are required by my end-user are: * Invoices ââ¬â So that the customer has a proof of purchases. * Splash Screen ââ¬â This is to improve the presentation of the database and to put information about the creator on. * Reports ââ¬â To enable the end user to print out hard copies of queries etc * Mail-merged letters ââ¬â So that the end user can automatically contact customers. Inputs and stored data needed to create the outputs Output What is required? Invoices Customer information, product information and details of purchase (date etc) Splash Screen My 1337 skillz Reports Results from queries from all 4 of my tables will be shown to make the reports, which will then be printed off so that the user has a hard copy Mail merged Letters Customerââ¬â¢s details, which can be automatically accessed. Processes that are required to produce the required outputs Knowledge and ability to use advanced package features Relationships The database that I will be creating will be a ââ¬Å"many-to-manyâ⬠. I will be in the form of first form normalisation. I will have four different tables, each having its own primary key that will be referentially integrated to a linking table, to make sure all the tables stay up to date. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-5725111179996019012020-01-03T09:20:00.001-08:002020-01-03T09:20:03.596-08:00The Issue Of Bullying At School - 951 Words In this week assignment I am going to describe an issue that I passionate about it. Bully is an issue that destroys a family specialist the kid involve in the situation. Those children can experience negative physical, school, and mental health issues. Kids who are bullied are more likely to experience. Depression and anxiety, increased feelings of sadness and loneliness, changes in sleep and eating patterns, and loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy. These issues may persist into adulthood. Three actions that I would take to address the issue with bullying at school and the challenges I might encounter taking the action to address each and achieve my goals. The issue of bullying at school is one of the issues I passionate person because I have the experience three years ago with my own son. I think that s something that help to recognize that something was not right with my son s was seeing him getting isolating himself in his room after school and himself too sensitive and he use to cry for everything and anything into my son feel comfortable to share with me what he was experiencing at school being bullied and being physically abused by one his classmates. The first thing I did as a parents remind me son that he was not alone and he has a hundred percent of support his family, then I went to school and requested a meeting with the teacher and principal and the parent of other children because to me was going to be the last time I will have a typeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Bullying: a Social Issue That the School System Ignores2921 Words à |à 12 PagesRunning Head: BULLYING Bullying: A Social Issue That the School System Ignores ââ¬Å"Never be bullied into silence. Never allow yourself to be made a victim. Accept no ones definition of your life, but define yourselfâ⬠. ââ¬â Harvey S. Firestone The Issue Strong, influential and cruel are just some of the words that come to mind when you hear the word bully. In American culture, bullying among children and teenagers has often been dismissed as a normal part of growing up. Little attentionRead MoreThe Social Issues Affecting Our Children1304 Words à |à 6 PagesTopic One of the top social issues affecting our children in schools is bullying. In recent reports, one out of every four students reports being bullied during school (National Center for Education Statistics, 2015). Bullying is very important to me because I have been bullied through my schooling career. I remember how it was not only the bullies that made my time in elementary hard but also the bystanders that did nothing to stop them or stand up for me. This issue has definitely gotten more attentionRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Society1633 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe familiar conviction of bullying. Bullying has been entrenched in American society as a relevant issue for quite some time. The word ââ¬Å"bullyâ⬠derives back from as far as the 1530ââ¬â¢s. In 1838, the novel, Oliver Twist, exhibited the first use of bullying within literary work. Years later, in 1862, the first account of bullying was reported. Over one hundred years following this, the first proposition of an anti-bullying law was constructed. As time has persisted, the issue has began to proliterate,Read MoreBullying : A Social Issue1284 Words à |à 6 PagesBULLYING: A SOCIAL ISSUE 2 Abstract Bullying is an issue that has been overlooked for many years because of students being frightened to tell that they are being bullied. Many teachers, administrators, and school counselors underestimate the amount of bullying that takes place within schools. The behavior of bullying has impacted so many studentsââ¬â¢ lives to the point of causing a student to want to cause harm to his or her self or others. Many students that bully threaten theirRead MoreBullying: Have Schools Really Found A Solution? Essay795 Words à |à 4 PagesBullying remains a progressively notorious topic due to the unbiased choice of victims and death-related incidents. In particular, schools have become a predominantly natural location for bullies to prey on victims, but schools have finally started to respond to this epidemic issue. Schools have initiated anti-bullying programs to, if not stop bullying as a whole, at least, reduce bullying to a minimum; however, even with anti-bullying programs in eff ect, the bullying dilemma still continues, whichRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Children s Learning And Development Essay1587 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction Bullying in Australian primary schools has become an epidemic, having a negative effect on childrenââ¬â¢s learning and development (Lodge, 2014). Therefore, it is crucial that schools and teachers are aware, understand and educated on how bullying can impact childrenââ¬â¢s learning and development; to be able to effectively implement policies, respond, educate and eliminate bullying in the school environment. The purpose of this report is to highlight how bullying is a growing issue that affectsRead MoreThe Issue Of Bullying And Bullying1401 Words à |à 6 PagesGOVT 2305 4 Nov. 2014 The Issue of Bullying Did you know each year there are over 3.2 million students that are bullied? (11 Facts About Bullying ) Bullying has been a fundamental human demobilizing act for centuries; that has been woven into the crevices of non-physical cruelty and abuse. A simple meaning of bullying is the need for control. (contributors) It has always involved power, pain, persistence and premeditation. Emily Bazelon wrote an article, defining bullying as physical or verbal abuseRead MoreThe Long-Term Effects of Bullying Essay1409 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction There are several ongoing of issues that are effecting adolescents in todayââ¬â¢s society ranging from low self-esteem, teen pregnancy, and obesity. Also, amongst these issues are the growing concerns and effects of bullying. Its epidemic is also starting to become closely related to the growing numbers of suicide rates amongst adolescents within the United States and across the globe. However, there are several adults that may take bullying lightly thinking that it is just a part of kidsRead MoreA Treatment of Solutions to Bullying in Schools Essay1177 Words à |à 5 PagesBullying has always been present within the United States. Although the issue has been around for a long time, it continues to grow and become more of problem. It is said that about 160,000 children within the United States are refusing to go to school because of bullying. Another statistic is that within American schools alone, there are an estimated 2.1 billion bullies and 2.7 billion victims (Dan Olewus, MB NBD). The numbers presented here are outrageous and although there are organizations toRead MoreCyberbullying: The New Form Of Bullying. When Sending Our1661 Words à |à 7 PagesCyberbullying: The New Form of Bullying When sending our children to school we expect them to be able to learn without distractions, but bullying makes that impossible. Bullying has been recognized as a problem for school children globally. In fact, school bullying has proven to be a risk factor for suicide, which has been identified as one of the top causes of death among teens (Erick Messias, 2014). Now that bullying and its importance has been acknowledged as a critical concern, several prevention jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-85783954641820179842019-12-26T05:47:00.001-08:002019-12-26T05:47:03.942-08:00Classroom Desk Arrangement Ideas Your desk arrangement choices reflect your teaching goals and philosophy. The furniture in your classroom isnt just a bunch of meaningless wood, metal, and plastic. In fact, how you arrange the desks in your room says a lot to students, parents, and visitors about what you want to accomplish and even what you believe about student interactions and learning. So before you start sliding desks and chairs around, consider how various student desk arrangements can make it easier for you to accomplish learning goals and manage student discipline issues. Here are 6 suggestions for arranging student desks in your classroom. 1. Classic Rows Most of us sat in traditional rows during our school years, from elementary school all the way through college. Picture a room with students facing forward to the teacher and whiteboard in either horizontal or vertical rows. The classic row set-up places students in an audience collectively focused on traditional teacher-centric lessons as the day goes along. Its relatively easy for teachers to spot chatty or misbehaving students because every child should be facing forward at all times. One drawback is that rows make it difficult for students to work in small groups. 2. Cooperative Clusters Many elementary school teachers utilize cooperative clusters, generally disappearing as students move into junior high school and beyond. If, for example, you have twenty students, you could organize their desks into four groups of five, or five groups of four. By strategically forming the groups based on student personality and work style, you can have students work together cooperatively throughout the day without having to take time to rearrange desks or form new groups every day. One drawback is that some students will get easily distracted by facing other students and not the front of the class. 3. Horseshoe or U-shape Arranging desks in a wide horseshoe shape or angular u-shape (facing the teacher and whiteboard) facilitates whole group discussions while still forcing students to face forward for teacher-directed instruction. It might be a tight squeeze to fit all of your students desks into a horseshoe shape, but try forming more than one row or tightening the horseshoe, if necessary. 4. Full Circle Its unlikely that you will want elementary-aged students to sit in a full circle all day every day. However, you may want to have your students move their desks into a closed circle on a temporary basis in order to hold a class meeting or hold a writers workshop where students will be sharing their work and offering each other feedback. 5. Remember to Include Aisles No matter how you choose to arrange your students desks, remember to build in aisles for easy movement around the classroom. Not only do you need to allow students space to move, its important to note that effective teachers are always walking around the classroom using proximity to manage behavior and help students as they need assistance. 6. Keep It Fluid It may be tempting to set up your students desks once at the beginning of the school year and keep it that way all year long. But the art of desk arrangement should actually be fluid, functional, and creative. If a certain set-up isnt working for you, make a change. If you notice a recurring behavior problem that could be alleviated by moving desks, give it a try. Remember to move your students around, too - not just their desks. This keeps students on their toes. As you get to know them better, you can judge where each student should sit for maximal learning and minimal distraction. Edited by: Janelle Cox jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-18455081735323424902019-12-18T01:36:00.001-08:002019-12-18T01:36:05.189-08:00Analysis of the Epic of Gilgamesh Essay - 1122 Words Analysis of the Epic of Gilgamesh The epic of Gilgamesh is the earliest primary document discovered in human history dating back to approximately 2,000 B.C.E. This document tells a story of an ancient King Gilgamesh, ruler of Sumer in 2,700 B.C.E. who is created gloriously by gods as one third man and two third god. In this epic, Gilgamesh begins his kingship as an audacious and immature ruler. Exhausted from complaints, the gods send a wild man named Enkidu to become civilized and assist Gilgamesh to mature into a righteous leader. However, Enkidus death causes Gilgamesh to realize his fear of immortality and search for an escape from death. On his journey, Gilgamesh learns that the gods will not grant his wish and that he mustâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The author is praising Gilgameshââ¬â¢s leadership by communicating his intellectual capabilities deserve respect. This, shows that ancient Mesopotamians believed that part of a great rulerââ¬â¢s value was revealed in t heir advanced intellectual capacities. The epic reveals that ancient Mesopotamia understood that the basis of a monarchââ¬â¢s legitimacy relied on the respect he carried for not only the beings whom he rules and those who rule over him, but also his knowledge. The epic gives insight to the ways in which ancient Mesopotamians valued life. This becomes most obvious when Enkidu reveals to Gilgamesh his nightmare of the dark and enslaving afterlife as he is dying (The Epic of Gilgamesh, 2). This leaves Gilgamesh with extreme terror of death which provokes his desperate attempts to escape it. Giving death fearful and dark characteristics communicates that the afterlife is a harrowing experience and life is the individualââ¬â¢s harmonious experience. This serves to establish that ancient Mesopotamians sensed that life was something to be cherished and conceived of in a positive light. In addition, Mesopotamian life views are also illustrated when Gilgamesh must accept that he wi ll not receive his requests for immortality from the gods (The Epic of Gilgamesh, 2). This suggests Mesopotamian society believed wise men should be grateful for their destiny and that he or she should not reach beyond what they are given. In doing so, thisShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Analysis1436 Words à |à 6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh ââ¬âSummary and analysis Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is an excerpt of the original text of the Epic listed in the Sources of the Western Tradition, 5th edition, by Perry, Peden and Von Laue (2003). The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story of King Gilgamesh who is the powerful king of Uruk, the incidents in his life, the associations he makes, the encounters he has, and the transition that occurs in his life in relation to his gainingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1647 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh is a story of heroes fighting a war not in a battlefield but within their own selves and amongst each other, struggling with their own emotions and attributions to attain the best version of themselves and to fulfill the utmost quest of life. With the use of two very different yet so similar characters: Enkidu and Gilgamesh, the epic explains two aspects of same psyche, and different imageries, one of which is door, have been used in the text to explain interactions betweenRead MoreAnalysis Of The E pic Of Gilgamesh Essay1361 Words à |à 6 PagesHERE As readers delve into the depths of The Epic of Gilgamesh, they perceive the allure to dreams which has captivated humanity for centuries. The epic poem uses dreams as a symbolic representation of the human mind and its ceaseless bounds. Given the Mesopotamian cultureââ¬â¢s importance in regards to their religion, dreams provide the only means of one connecting with their future and deities. Furthermore, each mental fantasy referenced within the epic delineates the rationale of all beings to actRead MoreEpic Of Gilgamesh Literary Analysis1837 Words à |à 8 Pagesmortality, divinity, punishments are told through stories of individuals and societies. The Epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian book that was written long before the Bible. A comparison of the literary elements show several similarities that lead many religious and cultural scholars, as well as historians to contend that the accounts in the Old Testaments were derived from the Gilgamesh. The Epic of Gilgamesh and Bible were both written as sources of moral messages for religious practices and guidesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1311 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh is a very popular epic that is difficult to understand at first, which is why there is different translations of the same book. Although Foster and Sanderââ¬â¢s translations have a lot of similar words and the stories are basically the same, there are also a lot of differences between the two. One of which is more straightforward and easier to understand, whereas the other is more of an in depth thoughtful read for the reader. Both translations differences have their own particularRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1449 Words à |à 6 Pagesbeginning in The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is a bully king who frightens and annoys the people of Uruk. After the gathering with Enkidu and becoming his friend does Gilgamesh transform, into a hero worthy of history. The brotherly or ââ¬Å"bromanticâ⬠( considering the questionable relationship they have) love the two have for each other helps Gilgamesh become an better leader to his people by permitting him to better understand and identify with them. Even though the myth of Gilgamesh is very ancientRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 979 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh tells the legend of King Gilgamesh of Uruk and his adventures with the feral human Enkidu. At the beginning Gilgamesh shares a lot of similarities to Egyptian Pharaohs. Heââ¬â¢s worshiped by his people in a way thatââ¬â¢s almost pious and holds himself up with a certain arrogance. The only difference with Gilgamesh is he is one part deity and two parts human. Over the coarse of the Epic we see Gilgameshââ¬â¢s demeanor change to a more humble one. This change can be attributed to the trialsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 738 Words à |à 3 PagesBaily Broussard Mr. Guidry World History 4 December 2015 The Epic of Gilgamesh In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh terrorizes the people or Uruk. Because of this, they call out to the sky god Anu for help. Anu decides to turn to the goddess of creation, Aruru whom makes an equal for Gilgamesh. Aruru created Enkidu to be just like Gilgamesh and for them to contend together and leave Uruk in quiet. When Gilgamesh got up and went to the house of a bride waiting for the bridegroom, Enkidu stepped outRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1284 Words à |à 6 PagesPerhaps one of the earliest pieces of literature, The Epic of Gilgamesh is a tale about a Mesopotamian king named Gilgamesh who crudely dominates the natural world surrounding his gleaming society. Juxtaposing Gilgameshââ¬â¢s godlike stature, Enkidu is a wild beast used to counterbalance the king in a literary sense. The hierarchical dichotomy expressed in the epic has appeared thematically within numerous mediums, including the revered artwork of Jean-Michel Basquiat. Raised in the Lower East Sid e (LES)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1119 Words à |à 5 PagesTranslation Comparison Gilgamesh The Epic of Gilgamesh has been read and reviewed/ critiqued by numerous authors. I took the articlesââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËAngiology in the Epic of Gilgameshââ¬â¢ by Th. Jacobson, and compared it to Benjamin Fosters ââ¬ËA New edition of the Epic of Gilgameshââ¬â¢ These two articles both critique the writings of The Epic of Gilgamesh but in different ways. Fosterââ¬â¢s article is a critique on a critique that has been written about The Epic of Gilgamesh, where as Jacobson critiques the epic itself, so we are jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-49996100297379232302019-12-09T22:18:00.001-08:002019-12-09T22:18:03.418-08:00Considered By World Health Organization â⬠Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Analysis World Health Organization? Answer: Introducation Addiction is considered by World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the most important concern that is affecting quality lives of people not only in Australia but in every developing as well as developed country. This is not only affecting their present academic life and mental health but is also ensuring that their future also gets doomed both in physical as well as mental downfall (Cheverikina et al., 2014). The mental illness includes severe depression, substance abuse disorder, anxiety and others. The physiological issues include cardiovascular issues, pulmonary disorders, cancer and many other diseases. Hence it is extremely important for the government as well as for the different social and community organisations to prepare health promotion programs that will help to handle the situation effectively (Badiani et al., 2017). The essay will mainly help to portray the main target group that is being affected and proper goals would be set for acheieing goals. Proper evaluation sh ould also be conducted to make sure the success of the initiatives and the alterations that need to be done to match the goals. Dimensions of Health Issue: Target Group: Studies conducted in the different parts of the world show that the adolescents are the most vulnerable group that is getting mostly affected the increasing addiction to substance misuse with alcohol consumption being the main addiction. Studies have shown that 1 in every 5 adolescents aged 14 years or older have consumed the alcohol at a level which are putting them at risk increasing the numeric of people drinking them in risky quantities increased from the amount of 3.5 million to about 3.7 million. The main target of the health promotion plan therefore must be the adolescents belonging to the to the age group of 12 to 20 (Eldredge et al., 2016). The disease that has to be addressed by the health program is Substance abuse Diorder. The main effects that result from drinking of alcohol and substance abuse is that the often get engaged in physical fight, academic career gets hampered, emotional drain out, injuries due to drink and driving, poor communication skill, absence of critic al analytical approach towards problems of life and others (WHO, 2014). Therefore researchers have tried their best to identify the different risk factors that remain associated with it. This would help the policy makers as well as the social workers plan out strategies that would help in the development of the condition and reduce the rate of the diseases of substance abuse disorder as much as possible. Risk Factors: Adolescents turn to drinking as a matter of being able to merge up with the popular groups of the school within which it acts as a cool quotient to drink alcohol (McCambriudge, Hawkins Holden, 2014). Relaxation and idea of fun is associated with it mainly because such a concept is promoted by advertisements. Experiencing boredom from life and curiosity to experiment something new as well as the taking risks often tend to be one of the characteristic features of this age cohort and therefore they tend to be more vulnerable (Hawkins, Catalano Kuklinski, 2014).. Excessive pressure in academic fields, loss of friends and partners in a relationship and similar other act a risk factors (Naidu Willis, 2016). Moreover a household which shows adults engaged in such habits automatically impacts psychology. Many researchers often had raised hereditary factors as another risk factor. All these risk factors are intricately associated with substance abuse disorder in adolescents. Protective factors: Protective factors that often help in prevention of substance abuse disorder can be divided into five different domains. In the domain of individual level, the adolescents would be encouraged on their power of self control (Pacula et al., 2014). Self control of different aggressive behaviours and the substance abuse should be promoted. Moreover, parental monitoring is also one of the most important protective factors The third domain would require schools to introduce education on the side effects of the disorder and create policies strictly discouraging any substance abuse (Jalilan et al., 2015).. The fourth domain would be to develop strong association of the adolescents with their neighbourhood community programs Besides the most important fifth domain would be addressed by the government where they need to produce policies and set up campaigns that will arise consciousne The proper way how health promotion plan is addressing the risk and protective factors associated with substance abuse disorder: Risk factors intervention Specific Measurable attainable relevant timely Aggressive behaviour, getting blown by peer pressures, trying to mix up with cool friends, idea of enjoyment in teenage hood Development of self control Arrange workshops and education classes both at school and in communities that will encourage the young people to develop the power of self control Measurable by the ways how the young people will control their activities and develop better habits by the initiatives Can be achieved through a scheduled planned movement and encouraging children to participate in them Relevant with the main aim of reduction of rate of substance abuse 10 to 12 months Parental carelessness, improper cultural inculcation within the parent when parents are themselves alcoholic, improper guidance and lack of proper education from parents. Proper parental monitoring systems and changes within the home environment (Corcoran, 2013) Educating parents of teaching the bad effects of alcohol in their wards, helping them to modify their behaviours in home if they took much alcohol, educating them not to create academic pressure and others Measurable by the responses that the parents provide after education classes, handling of brochures and others and how effectively the plan is working Attainable by a programmed procedure and thorough counselling of families and children Will help in parental guidance and reducing pressures as well as mentality of adolescents 5 months to 6 months old Risks of pressure from peers, no including of the concept of substance abuse disorder, smoking within school campuses, Academic pressure from schools Initiatives from school Schools would introduced education about the negative effects of substance abuse, should be strict in maintaining an environment that is strictly against such a habit. Introduce school policies with strict punishments. They should also try their best not to create pressure on them and arrange extracurricular activities to keep them engaged and free from boredom Can be measured by closely evaluating the response to the classes and alteration in their behaviour prior to it. Easily attainable though introduction of education, extracurricular activities as well as strict rules and punishments Relevant with their daily schedules and will help them to modify their behaviour Full academic year Boredom among the young people, emotional pressure due to separation from partners, parents or others. Academic pressure from schools, idea of being cool in friend circles. Engage adolescents in community based programs Introduce community discussion programs, quizzes, swimming classes, cricket sessions and others to keep them occupied. Counselling session for children with mental issues can also be conducted. Community based help services can be prepared where adolescent can discuss their issues instead taking resort to alcohol Can be evaluated and measured by the organisers by conducting random surveys and filling survey forms. This would help to understand the response of the adolescents Attainable by properly organising the classes and encouraging individuals to participate. Will help to reduce the rate of addiction among adolescents 8 to 12 months all risk factors stated above Governmental initiatives Encourage the government to release effective policies and make stronger campaigns of awareness. Declare stricter rules and strong monitoring over the cohorts to decrease addiction in adolescents Measurable buy conducting researches and statistical analysis Attainable by proper planning by the government recruited agencies in policy making after a thorough research and discussion Help in achieving the goal 8 months to 1 year Connections to Ottawa charter: All the above mentioned goals and objectives are prepared maintaining the five important actions mentioned by Ottawa charter for health promotion accepted internationally which was organised by WHO. The domains that the above goals have covered are building healthy policies are strengthening community actions, creating supportive environment for young people, developing personal skill like self control and reorienting health services in way that will promote health by creating awareness towards a disorder. Hence the Ottawa charter principles have been incorporated thoroughly (WHO, 2017). By maintaining the above principles, stakeholders can correctly address the mental disorder called substance abuse disorder. Implementation strategies: For proper implementation of the initiatives of the health program to prevent or reduce the occurrence of substance abuse disorder in adolescents, it is extremely important for the organisers to follow a proper model of implementation to make a systematic approach. Out of the various models that are provided by eminent researchers, health belief model can be used for proper implantation of the strategies that are taken. For proper implementation the first step that should be taken by the organisers is gathering information by properly conducting the health regarding whom to address and the various limitations that one may face. After gathering the information, the second step would be to convey the consequences to the target population by implementing awareness programs (Hilton et al., 2014). Supplying pamphlets and brochures, introducing them through school education and others (. Third step would be to allot the budget for each of the initiatives that would be organised and seeking for fund from the respective responsible authorities for adequate funds to continue the health promotion program. Proper communication with the target population is important part of the implementation procedure for a direct discussion of the recommended actions and the benefits that are associated with them (Sharma, 2016). All these steps will ensure that the target population will respond to the initiatives more effectively. Moreover, implementation procedure would only be completed only when the organisers would be correctly demonstrating proper actions through right skill development activities and at the same time provide support. This support part of the implementation procedure will help in the enhancement of the self efficacy as well as the likelihood of the successful behavioural changes (Previte et al., 2015). Evaluation methods: After implementation of the all the educational programs and different workshops and policies introduced following the health belief model to reduce substance abuse disorder, it is extremely important for the organisers to evaluate whether the sets of goals prioritised earlier have been addressed or not. The five domains which had been categorised should be evaluated separately. For measuring the success of educating the parents as well as making the adolescents understand their self control power, the organisers can conduct direct interviews or circulate online questionnaires through emails or even personally will help them to understand the modification of the behavioural approaches of the stakeholders (Hagger Luszczynska, 2014). Questions will be set in such a way where the emotional and psychological thinking about the addiction of substance abuse will be tested and the alteration about the feelings will be assessed to measure positive effects. After addressing the first two dom ains, the next two would be to include schools and communities in the scenario. The school teachers can be asked to describe their experiences in educating the adolescents as well as the responses from them (Zemire Aizen, 2014). The school teachers can also be asked about what she believes in the progress made by the students and where more efforts are required. Community programs and classes conducted on curricular activities should have attendance registers as well as feedback forms that will have information about the frequency of the visits into the programs and how the number of joinees increased over time (Williams et al., 2013). Feedback forms will contain the experience of the young people and will also help to find their interests in these activities over the habits of consuming alcohol, their boredom, peer interactions and others (Hibbard et al., 2013). The last would be the domain of governmental initiatives which can be only evaluated by the statistical data that the go vernment would collect after introduction of awareness programs and amended or new policies. The entire essay has stated that how a planned health promotion program should be planned to address a severe disorder that is affecting the future of the country. The present generation of adolescents are highly vulnerable to substance matter disorder due to large number of risk factors. Addiction resulting in substance abuse disorder has been identified as the a social determinant of health by the World Health organisation and therefore it the duty of responsible stakeholders to conduct health promotion programs not only to reduce the rate of alcohol consumption but also to spread awareness through families, schools and communities. All the important steps, when properly maintained, would ensure complete success of the promotional campaigns and would help creating a generation responsible enough to make their nation proud through their personal and professional achievements. References: Badadani, A., Berridge, K. C., Heilig, M., Nutt, D. J., Robinson, T. E. (2017). Addiction research and theory: a commentary on the Surgeon General's Report on alcohol, drugs, and health.Addiction Biology. Cheverikina, E. A., Rakhimgarayeva, R. M., Sadovaya, V. V., Zakirova, V. G., Starodubets, O. D., Klemes, V. S. (2014). Socio-psycological characteristics of college students who are prone to addictions.Life Science Journal,11(7), 375-380. Corcoran, N. ed., 2013.Communicating health: strategies for health promotion. Sage. Eldredge, L. K. B., Markham, C. M., Kok, G., Ruiter, R. A., Parcel, G. S. (2016).Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley Sons. Hagger, M. S., Luszczynska, A. (2014). Implementation intention and action planning interventions in health contexts: State of the research and proposals for the way forward.Applied Psychology: Health and Well?Being,6(1), 1-47. Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., Kuklinski, M. R. (2014). Communities that care. InEncyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice(pp. 393-408). Springer New York. Hibbard, J.H. and Greene, J., 2013. What the evidence shows about patient activation: better health outcomes and care experiences; fewer data on costs.Health affairs,32(2), pp.207-214. Hilton, S., Wood, K., Patterson, C., Katikireddi, S. V. (2014). Implications for alcohol minimum unit pricing advocacy: What can we learn for public health from UK newsprint coverage of key claim-makers in the policy debate?.Social Science Medicine,102, 157-164. Hoffman, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E., Weintraub Austin, E., Reyes-Velzquez, W. (2014). Exploring college students use of general and alcohol-related social media and their associations with alcohol-related behaviors.Journal of American College Health,62(5), 328-335. Jalilian, F., Karami Matin, B., Ahmadpanah, M., Ataee, M., Ahmadi Jouybari, T., Eslami, A. A., Mirzaei Alavijeh, M. (2015). Socio-demographic characteristics associated with cigarettes smoking, drug abuse and alcohol drinking among male medical university students in Iran.Journal of research in health sciences,15(1), 42-46. Knai, C., Petticrew, M., Durand, M. A., Scott, C., James, L., Mehrotra, A., ... Mays, N. (2015). The Public Health Responsibility deal: has a publicprivate partnership brought about action on alcohol reduction?.Addiction,110(8), 1217-1225. McCambridge, J., Hawkins, B., Holden, C. (2014). Vested interests in addiction research and policy. The challenge corporate lobbying poses to reducing society's alcohol problems: insights from UK evidence on minimum unit pricing.Addiction,109(2), 199-205. Naidoo, J., Wills, J. (2016).Foundations for health promotion. Elsevier Health Sciences. Pacula, R. L., Kilmer, B., Wagenaar, A. C., Chaloupka, F. J., Caulkins, J. P. (2014). Developing public health regulations for marijuana: lessons from alcohol and tobacco.Journal Information,104(6). Previte, J., Russell?Bennett, R., Parkinson, J. (2015). Shaping safe drinking cultures: evoking positive emotion to promote moderate?drinking behaviour.International Journal of Consumer Studies,39(1), 12-24. Sharma, M. (2016).Theoretical foundations of health education and health promotion. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Van Boekel, L.C., Brouwers, E.P., Van Weeghel, J. and Garretsen, H.F., 2013. Stigma among health professionals towards patients with substance use disorders and its consequences for healthcare delivery: systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence,131(1), pp.23-35. Williams, J.M., Steinberg, M.L., Griffiths, K.G. and Cooperman, N., 2013. Smokers with behavioral health comorbidity should be designated a tobacco use disparity group.American journal of public health,103(9), pp.1549-1555. World Health Organization. (2014).Global status report on alcohol and health 2014. World Health Organization. Zemore, S. E., Ajzen, I. (2014). Predicting substance abuse treatment completion using a new scale based on the theory of planned behavior.Journal of substance abuse treatment,46(2), 174-182. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-63122709424149512792019-12-02T10:00:00.001-08:002019-12-02T10:00:03.469-08:00Reconstructions Failure free essay sample Throughout the history of the world, there have been many failures. Examples of failures in history would be the Articles of Confederation, post-Civil War Reconstruction, and the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I. However, with each different failure in history, there are different reasons for why these failures occurred. Following the Civil War, there are many different reasons why Congress Reconstruction efforts to ensure equal rights to the freedmen failed. The main reason why Reconstruction failed was because of the discriminatory feelings toward the African Americans. Two examples that support this reason are the corruption within the government and the different actions taken by various rebellion groups. Between the years of 1865 and 1877, Congress efforts to end slavery and to ensure that equal rights were provided for everyone showed that it ultimately failed. One reason why Reconstruction after the Civil War failed was because there was corruption within the government. We will write a custom essay sample on Reconstructions Failure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Boyer, a Pennsylvanian Congressman who despised blacks, said that he believes that the reason why black people should be denied the right to vote is because African Americans are not equal to white Americans and that they do not have the mental capacity to vote. This statement by Boyer suggests that racism towards African Americans was abundant in both the South and the North (Doc 1). Because of this feeling of resentment towards African Americans, especially in the government, there was a lot of corruption within it. An example of this was the effects of the Freedmans Bureau. The main purpose of the Freedmens Bureau was to provide the freed slaves with a home and give them proper education. Unfortunately, the Freedmans Bureau ultimately failed because of Southern legislatures passing Black Codes. These Black Codes were essentially designed to keep African Americans in submission and take a slave like role. They prevented African Americans from serving on a jury, prevented them from purchasing land, and placed African Americans into a form of bondage by forcing them to sign work contracts. Another example of how there was a lot of corruption within the government was when all whites were allowed to vote again. When the whites in the South recovered suffrage, they desired revenge against the Republicans. This endeavor for revenge manifested itself into radical Democrats voting some of the Reconstruction state governments out of office. As a result, the white Southerners used their political power to deny the freedmen the right to vote (Doc 3). Because of this, the Congressional Republicans became critically weak and the policy and ideas of Reconstruction began to slip away (Doc 5). These two events within the government extremely contributed to Reconstructions failure. Another reason why Reconstruction failed was because of various rebellion groups. One group that opposed Reconstruction was the White League. In the South, Southerners wanted to form White Leagues in every town, village and hamlet of the South in order to resist Congresss Reconstruction efforts through brute force (Doc 4). Examples of how the White League used brute force to resist Reconstruction was by intimidating others and removing radical Republicans out of office. Another group that opposed Reconstruction was the infamous Ku Klux Klan. Nathaniel Bedford Forrest, an ex-Confederate general, founded the Ku Klux Klan, also known as the Invisible Empire of the South or simply KKK, in order to undermine the radical Reconstruction efforts by intimidating the freed slaves into not utilizing their right to vote (Doc 2). Examples of how the Ku Klux Klan intimidated African Americans was by burning black-owned buildings, giving them floggings, and other various acts of violence. The formation of these two rebellion groups resulted in the Reconstructions failure. Throughout the era of Reconstruction, Congress efforts to help the freedmen gain equality essentially failed. One reason why Reconstruction failed was because there was corruption within the government. Corruption began as a result of racial bigotry towards African Americans. For example, when the Freedmans Bureau was passed, Black Codes were set in place by Southern legislatures so that the rights of African Americans were limited and when white Southerners regained the right to vote, they were able to vote out some of the Reconstruction state governments out of office, which led to a weakened Reconstruction policy. Another reason why reconstruction failed was because of various rebellion groups during this period. For example, the White League and the Ku Klux Klan both used force in order to delay Reconstruction. As a result of all of these events, some people started to wonder if going though a civil war was worth it because African Americans were living almost the exact same life as before the war ended; a life under hardships and racial discrimination. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-56207906967536970402019-11-27T01:40:00.001-08:002019-11-27T01:40:06.924-08:00Database Environment Paper Essay EssaysDatabase Environment Paper Essay Essays Database Environment Paper Essay Essay Database Environment Paper Essay Essay In the concern universe. the usage of many different types of databases is non merely platitude. but an indispensable portion of twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours operations. A database is a structured aggregation of information that is stored on a computing machine or waiter that allows the informations to be rapidly accessed. analyzed. and allows the ability for questions to be run. The usage of a database allows concerns to greatly increase efficiency accessing informations and truth keeping informations. The Sacramento Capital Art Museum is presently in demand of a database to accurately track the graphics. the name of the creative person. and each piece of graphicss location. Before traveling any farther. it is of import to analyse the type of environment that you are working with. Database Environment A database environment describes all of the hardware. package. informations. processs. and forces that you are working with. It straight relates to a undertakings range and boundaries ( portion of the DBLC ) . as the boundaries are contained within the environment. Sacramento Capital Art Museum is a comparatively new museum that was established in 2012 by a group of devouring art aggregators populating in the capital metropolis. As a consequence of this. there is non any type of established database presently running inside of SCAM. While Excel databases have been used by employees on and off. there is nil that is for good kept on a public thrust. The demand to track all the graphics throughout the museum is a direct consequence of a piece of valuable art that was misplaced. Presently. the museum has 20 employees. each with their ain work Personal computer. There is a little waiter that is kept in house that shops the companyââ¬â¢s information and is accessible by all work PCââ¬â¢s via a alone user login. The company is unfastened to utilizing any type of DBMS that will suit Database Environment Paper 3 their demands. I have chosen Microsoft Access as the DBMS for SCAM. Microsoft Access is a ââ¬Å"tool for assemblage and understanding all of your informationâ⬠¦and supplying a convenient manner to come in. navigate. and describe your informations. â⬠( Microsoft SQL and Access. 2014 ) We will be utilizing a relational database for this undertaking. A relational database was developed in 1970 by an IBM research worker named E. F. Codd. ( What are relationship databases. 2001 ) With a relational database. information is stored in unvarying. Alternatively of one long. level line of information. information is stored in tabular arraies. This allows informations to be represented in columns and rows. This type of representation of informations allows for speedy comparings. kind information by entity or property. They are referred to as relational databases because of the ability to utilize the relationship of other similar informations to increase the velocity and overall versatility of the database. Because of the type of informations used for this database. a relational type would do the most sense. This DBMS will besides let for easy database care. SCAM presently wants all employees to be able to entree the database. while merely leting 10 of the 20 employeeââ¬â¢s entree to modify the database. Access will be given via alone personal logins and all entree to the database will be monitored and logged in an effort to discourage larceny. Properties and Entities An entity is a individual. topographic point. or thing. or construct about which informations can be collected. ( Attributes. n. d. ) An property describes the facts. inside informations. or features of an entity. For this undertaking. the entities we are utilizing are the single pieces of graphics. the name of the creative person. and the location of the graphics. The properties that we are utilizing are the type of art. the beginning of the creative person. whether it is stored or on show within the museum. Using a information modeling attack. such as the entity relationship theoretical account ( ER ) that was created by Peter Pin-Shan Chen. allows for the proper conceptual procedure to be laid out prior to the existent building of the database. Database Environment Paper 4 Essentially. it is a database design of how everything will be mapped out. During this procedure. you want to guarantee that all the entities and attributes you wish to stand for are logically and briefly laid out. Once the database is mapped out. building of the database can get down. In the terminal. the database will be able to give the employees of the Sacramento Capital Art Museum immediate entree to the location of every piece of art in the museums detention. The employees will be able to run questions to happen out particulars about the art. For illustration. if they wanted to make an exhibit on Chinese art. they could run a question to happen all the art that originated from China within their aggregation. Database Environment Paper 5 Mentions ââ¬Å"Microsoft SQL and Accessâ⬠( 2014 ) Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. computerhouse. com/microsoft- sql-and-access/ ââ¬Å"What are relational databases? â⬠( 2001 ) Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //computer. howstuffworks. com/question599. htm ââ¬Å"Attributesâ⬠( n. d. ) Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. teach- ict. com/as_a2_ict_new/ocr/AS_G061/315_database_concepts/attributes_entities/miniweb/pg3. ht jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-85811487027266062522019-11-23T09:14:00.001-08:002019-11-23T09:14:04.935-08:00An Introduction to Medical AnthropologyAn Introduction to Medical Anthropology Medical anthropology is a field of anthropology focusedà on the relationship between health, illness, and culture. Beliefs and practices about health vary across different cultures and are influenced by social, religious, political, historical, and economic factors. Medical anthropologists use anthropological theories and methods to generate unique insights into how different cultural groups around the world experience, interpret, and respond to questions of health, illness, and wellness. Medical anthropologists study a wide array of topics. Specific questions include: How does a particular culture define health or illness?How might a diagnosis or condition be interpreted by different cultures?What are the roles of doctors, shamans, or alternative health practitioners?Why do certain groups experience better or worse health outcomes, or higher prevalence of certain diseases?What is the connect between health, happiness, and stress?How are different conditions stigmatized or even celebrated in specific cultural contexts? In addition, medical anthropologists study the factors that affect or are affected by the distribution of illness, and are also closely attuned to questions of inequality, power, and health. History of the Field Medical anthropology emerged as a formal area of study in the mid-20thà century. Its roots are in cultural anthropology, and it extends that subfieldââ¬â¢s focus on social and cultural worlds to topics relating specifically to health, illness, and wellness. Like cultural anthropologists, medical anthropologists typically use ethnography ââ¬â or ethnographic methods ââ¬â to conduct research and gather data. Ethnography is a qualitative research method that involves full immersion in the community being studied. The ethnographer (i.e., the anthropologist) lives, works, and observes daily life in this distinctive cultural space, which is called the field site. Medical anthropology grew increasingly important after World War II, when anthropologists began to formalize the process of applying ethnographic methods and theories to questions of health around the world. This was a time of widespread international development and humanitarian efforts aimed at bringing modern technologies and resources to countries in the global South. Anthropologists proved particularly useful for health-based initiatives, using their unique skills of cultural analysis to help develop programs tailored to local practices and belief systems. Specific campaigns focused on sanitation, infectious disease control, and nutrition. Key Concepts and Methods Medical anthropologyââ¬â¢s approach to ethnography has changed since the fieldââ¬â¢s early days, thanks in large part to the growth of globalization and the emergence of new communication technologies. While the popular image of anthropologists involves living in remote villages in far-off lands, contemporary anthropologists conduct research in a variety of field sites ranging from urban centers to rural hamlets, and even in social media communities. Some also incorporate quantitative data into their ethnographic work. Some anthropologists now design multi-sited studies, for which they conduct ethnographic fieldwork in different field sites. These might include comparative studies of health care in rural versus urban spaces in the same country, or combine traditional in-person fieldwork living in a particular place with digital research of social media communities. Some anthropologists even work in multiple countries around the world for a single project. Together, these new possibilities for fieldwork and field sites have broadened the scope of anthropological research, enabling scholars to better study life in a globalized world. Medical anthropologists use their evolving methodologies to examine key concepts, including: Health disparities: the differences in the distribution of health outcomes or disease prevalence across groupsGlobal health: the study of health across the globeEthnomedicine:à the comparative study of traditional medicine practices in different culturesCultural relativism:à the theory that all cultures must be considered on their own terms, not as superior or inferior to others. What Do Medical Anthropologists Study? Medical anthropologists work to solve a variety of problems. For instance, some researchers focus on health equity and health disparities, trying to explain why certain communities have better or worse health outcomes than others. Others might ask how a particular health condition, such as Alzheimerââ¬â¢s or schizophrenia, is experienced in localized contexts around the globe. Medical anthropologists can be divided into two general groups: academic and applied. Academic medical anthropologists work within university systems, specializingà in research, writing, and/or teaching. In contrast, applied medical anthropologists often work outside of university settings. They can be found in hospitals, medical schools, public health programs, and in nonprofit or international non-governmental organizations. While academic anthropologists often have more open-ended research agendas, applied practitioners are typically part of a team trying to solve or generate insights into a specific problem or question. Today, key research areas includeà medical technologies, genetics and genomics, bioethics, disability studies, health tourism, gender-based violence, infectious diseaseà outbreaks, substance abuse, and more. Ethical Considerations Both academic and applied anthropologists face similar ethical considerations, which are typically overseen by their universities, funders, or other governing organizations. Institutional review boards were established in the U.S. in the 1970s to ensure ethical compliance for research involving human subjects, which includes most ethnographic projects. Key ethical considerations for medical anthropologists are: Informed consent:à ensuring that research subjects are aware of any risks and consent to participate in the study.Privacy: protecting participants health status, image or likeness, and private informationà Confidentiality:à protecting the anonymity (if desired) of a research subject, often by using pseudonymous names for participants and field site locations Medical Anthropology Today The most well-known anthropologist today is Paul Farmer. A physician and an anthropologist, Dr. Farmer teaches at Harvard University and has received widespread acclaim for his work in global health. Other key figures in medical anthropology include Nancy Scheper-Hughes, Arthur Kleinman, Margaret Lock, Byron Good, and Rayna Rapp. The Society for Medical Anthropology is the primary professional organization for medical anthropologists in North America, and is affiliated with the American Anthropological Association. There are scholarly journals devoted solely to medical anthropology, such as Medical Anthropology Quarterly, Medical Anthropology, and the online journalà Medicine Anthropology Theory.à Somatosphere.netà is a popular blog focusing on medical anthropology and related disciplines.à à Medical Anthropology Key Takeaways Medical anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the relationship between health, illness, and culture.Medical anthropologists can be divided into two key fields: applied and academic.While medical anthropologists study a wide range of issues and topics, key concepts include health disparities, global health, medical technologies, and bioethics. Sources ââ¬Å"American Anthropological Association Statement on Ethnography and Institutional Review Boards.â⬠American Anthropological Association, 2004.Crossman, Ashley. ââ¬Å"What is Ethnography? What It Is and How To Do It.â⬠ThoughtCo, 2017.Petryna, Adriana. ââ¬Å"Health: Anthropological Aspects.â⬠International Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition. Elsevier, 2015.Rivkin-Rish, Michele. ââ¬Å"Medical Anthropology.â⬠Oxford Bibliographies, 2014.ââ¬Å"What is Medical Anthropology?â⬠Society for Medical Anthropology. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-5341123174512056392019-11-21T04:40:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:40:09.501-08:00'In the present era of globalisation, control over the movement of Essay'In the present era of globalisation, control over the movement of people has become the last bastion of sovereignty. Nowhere - Essay Example In this third wave of globalization and post modernism where international migration is restricted against all its cultural and political norms. This expulsion of human mobility from the globalization definition leaves it as a narrow concept of expansion where itââ¬â¢s ethical, economic and political existence comes in conflict with sustainability. Besides all aspects of globalization, this barrier to international human mobility also comes under violation of international law where freedom to move freely is under attack. This asymmetrical nature of globalization defines the exploitation of this term being used for interests of certain groups which have been promoting free exchange of goods by liberalizing economies and diminishing barriers to free mobility of goods yet are keen to impose restrictions on migration. Barriers can be justified by the number of migrations, in all past era migration figures were way smaller than the total population but the first wave of globalization registered the massive migration of around 3%. ... It resembles the inconsistency and incompatibility of such asymmetric policies which at one hand support growth of liberalization while on the other hand attempt to contain it. This irregularity in policies has led to many international crimes against humanities of which the most prominent in this regard is the human trafficking (POOLEY & WHYTE, 1991). This evolving humanitarian crisis and inconsistent policies demand great attention and oversight for governance and policy making which ensures human rights of migration and also maintains the ethical, political and economic values of globalization. Human migration has always been the same as people move from developing countries to developed countries whereas in the first wave of globalization, Asia, Latin America, South Asia, Africa, Caribbean and Baltic states have been the major outsourcer of labours to America, Europe, Middle East, Australia and Japan etc. (TALANI, 2010). The figures for human trafficking stands around one out of every tenth migrant who cross borders with no permission and papers. Migration statistics sufficiently proves the argument that immense migration has resulted an unprecedented growth of population to the recipient countries which now has become a threat to the sovereignty of these states particularly to their security and in general to their domestic culture, values, norms and religion. Critical analysis require information from both sides, no doubt international migration has been enormous to the developed world but there is no evidence that they have spoiled the growth of recipient country so, the ultimate result is still to be revealed. In case of Europe where domestic population if greying; in case of America baby boomers have reached to their retirement; it can be said jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-23890347491592433082019-11-19T21:51:00.001-08:002019-11-19T21:51:03.384-08:00Draper IT(case study) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsDraper IT(case study) - Assignment Example Company is investing heavily to remain competitive in the market but the current business needs to revive. The out sourced IT division has been sold to Hardy media solutions eighteen months ago. Hardy's performance and poor services also dissatisfied the previous customers. Due to the problems faced by Drapes, it started developing its ERP system with the view that in future company has to remain competitive in the market place. It has to improve its services, launch new products, which should be cost effective as well as technologically best in the market. Recently company has more business options, which could be explored by the company and to motivate its managers to grab the opportunities, so that performance of the company could be improved. As we already know that the said company draper is medium sized IT company. The company is in the business of providing technological solutions to its clients. It is a fast moving technologically complex and innovative industry dominated by lots of firms with well-developed communication and technological innovations. The firms which cannot be able to keep pace with innovations forced out of the business. So industry has been affected by external environment as well as internal changes. So any analysis or strategy, which could be formed in and around company, must follow the various strategic management paths. Companies must not only developed new businesses, but also carefully prune, harvest or divest tired, old businesses in order to release needed resources and reduce costs. The overall evaluation of a business's strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is called SWOT Analysis. SWOT analysis consists of an analysis of the external and internal environment. A SWOT analysis summarizes the key issues from the business environment and the strategic capabilities of an organization that are most likely to impact on strategy development. In general, a business unit has to monitor key macro-environment forces (demographic-economic, technological, political-legal and socio-cultural) and microenvironment actors (Customers, Competitors, distributors and suppliers) that affect its ability to earn profit (Johnson, & Scholes, 2002). Then, for each trend or development, management needs to identify the associated marketing opportunities and threats. Each business needs to evaluate its internal strengths and weaknesses in marketing, finance, manufacturing and organizational capabilities. In applying the SWOT Analysis it is necessary to minimize or avoid both weaknesses and threats. Weaknesses should be looked at in order to convert them into strengths. Likewise, threats should be converted into opportunities. Lastly, strengths and opportunities should be matched to optimize the potential of a firm. So applying SWOT analysis on draper engineering Ltd. as discussed above as follows: Strength: Draper Engineering Ltd. is an industry, which is growing and progressing all around world. In present circumstances, IT is an industry, which is an integral part of almost every industry, and human life cannot be thinking of without information technology. So being in an industry, which is growing, and progressing Draper Engineering Ltd. have an inherent strength of the industry as a whole. Draper has sufficient number of clients and market. It is a medium sized company and already has four jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-5809404188092659162019-11-17T10:23:00.001-08:002019-11-17T10:23:05.312-08:00Tok Essay Essay Example for Free Tok Essay Essay Peopleââ¬â¢s choice of belief is possibly one of the most intriguing topics one can study. The journey of gaining knowledge in itself is so dynamic and full of factors that one couldnââ¬â¢t possibly be able to analyze in full. In this essay, the question that is to be answered encompasses and questions the details of that journey in one of the most controversial topics of all time; religion. The question above subjects the issue of belief to the spotlight as it is one of the largest aspects of life that is to many people asserted with no concrete evidence to be found; in my perspective. Yet again not all people agree that evidence must be concrete and therefore the relativity of evidence from a believer to a non-believer could be drastic. Thus, this essay will examine my argument for this statement through personal experience and the lenses of emotion and language in the subjects of World Religions and Philosophy as well as possible counter arguments. Many followers of faith would disagree with Hitchens on this statement, taking the believers of the Abrahamic religions as an example; they believe that their prophets came with miracles like Christ walking on water for example. They donââ¬â¢t have concrete evidence yet to them they see that what came in either the Torah, Bible or the Quraââ¬â¢an is definite truth for many reasons; each generation was told by those before them that these stories did take place so the generations that supposedly witnessed the miracles told their kids about them and the stories kept passing down until our day today. Moreover, the authority of a parent tends to be huge therefore when these stories are told to little kids to be true the kids believe their parents, they take it as a 1+1=2 situation where the student is taught the very basic rules of math, if one asks me why or how do I know the 1+1=2 I wouldnââ¬â¢t be able to answer yet I know itââ¬â¢s a mathematical fact (even though I know there is reason and evidence behind it now, but I am not really interested in reading) so these kids take what their parents teach them at such a young age and not question it. Just like the followers tend to not dig around what they believe to be true because they believe it is already true, the same way many people donââ¬â¢t look into why and how 1+1=2. Believers tend to have what they call a relationship with God, what they feel when they pray is something they canââ¬â¢t put into words yet they know itââ¬â¢s truth for themselves even though they canââ¬â¢t prove it and therefore they wonââ¬â¢t agree with the Hitchens statement. Those people have no concrete evidence yet that ââ¬Å"relationshipâ⬠is evidence enough to them. The followers of Islam for example brag about how the Qurââ¬â¢an has an answer for everything and that to them is evidence enough itââ¬â¢s true, yet again many donââ¬â¢t try to look for the real reasons. The followers of religions in general have a problem with accepting that there are some things one just doesnââ¬â¢t know, they need to be certain about everything to go on in life and that is basic human nature. By the same token though, a lot of other people do agree with the statement above, the majority of scientists, doctors, mathematicians and many more as a mere example. In the subject of world religions we are taught that religion is passed down through language; that in itself proves the Hitchens statement right. Language is a very molding way of knowledge; it changes from time to time according to society it is in. Things can get out of context, meanings could be lost in translation or lost due to the changing nature of language, for example the word ââ¬Å" â⬠which is now used as an adjective for ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠literary translates to ââ¬Å"wickedâ⬠or ââ¬Å"horridâ⬠in classical Arabic and therefore this could be applicable both ways to this arguments; words that were used 1400 years ago in Islam could have meant something in itââ¬â¢s cultural context but now means something completely different which would make a certain rule of Islam that is now applied invalid or vice-versa. Also, Christianity being the most popular religion in the world was originally written in the common Greek language of the first century yet now circulates mostly in English. A huge limitation to this fact is that meaning couldââ¬â¢ve been lost in translation, as some words that are used in one language just donââ¬â¢t translate to other languages, therefore basing some of the religion on misinterpreted verses. Now looking at the use of emotion in Philosophy of religion, a theme studied in the subject of Philosophy; the epistemological theory of evidentialism is best described by Cliffordââ¬â¢s quote: ââ¬Å"It is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidenceâ⬠(Clifford 1879: 186). â⬠Which agrees with the Hitchens statement above. Since Iââ¬â¢ve established above that there is no concrete evidence about the truth of any kind of religion, one must assume that believers use emotion as a way of knowledge and not evidence. This in itself has many limitations to it because when emotion is used on itââ¬â¢s own as a way of knowledge it usually prevents one from being objective. Moreover, it also limits the use of other ways of knowledge; for example perception, where because of emotion one might look at things differently or even reason, where if one is too attached to what they ââ¬Å"believeâ⬠in this could lead to their lack of open-mindedness. The use of emotion too also leads to a huge logical fallacy; the ââ¬Å"appeal to emotionâ⬠fallacy where if for example X makes me feel good I will assume X is true, which is basically the basis of many religions. Furthermore, religions tend to use Pathos in most of their verses; for example in the Qurââ¬â¢an verse 102:3 until 102:7 says: ââ¬Å"No! You are going to know. Then no! You are going to know. No! If you only knew with knowledge of certainty. You will surely see the Hellfire. Then you will surely see it with the eye of certainty. â⬠The use of emotion here to scare the reader that is being spoon-fed since an early age that this is the absolute truth when reading this will defiantly lead him to think a thousand times before questioning the religion because he is scared heââ¬â¢ll ââ¬Å"surely see the Hellfireâ⬠and thus making many believers just people that are afraid to think or tempted with the concept of heaven but very few that actually went through the process of actually trying to find out if what they believe in is absolute truth or not. In conclusion, as someone that will be studying law, being objective, putting aside emotion and avoiding logical fallacies are vital to me. I also never felt that ââ¬Å"connection with Godâ⬠and therefore I do agree with the Hitchens statement ââ¬Å"That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence. â⬠Because the counter arguments arenââ¬â¢t convincing enough and there are too many question marks on them. On the other hand my argument is a lot more valid because itââ¬â¢s Empiricism based, which means itââ¬â¢s based on facts and past experiences, not speculations. [ 1 ]. Most Popular World Religions. About. com Geography. N. p. , n. d. Web. 06 Dec. 2012. [ 2 ]. Standard New Testament introductions listed below under Further reading: Goodspeed, Kummel, Duling and Perrin, Koester, Conzelmann and Lindemann, Brown, and Ehrman. jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1524059608745087198.post-68145202861655724352019-11-14T22:55:00.001-08:002019-11-14T22:55:04.049-08:00Model of Power within Organizations :: Legitimate Power, Reward, Coercive PowerIntroduction To explain the statement: 'Power does not flow to unknown people in the organization', I will give an overview of the Model of Power in Organizations according to Mc Shane and Von Glinow, which includes a definition of the meaning of power, the different sources of power, and the contingencies that need to exist before sources of power will translate into actual power. Finally, I will provide a conclusion and recommendation. The Sources and Contingencies of Power in Organizations McShane and Von Glinow define Power as ââ¬Å"the capacity of a person, team, or organization to influence othersâ⬠(300). Furthermore, they state that power derives from five main sources and four main contingencies like the following figure illustrates. Figure 2: A Model of Power within organizations Source: McShane and Von Glinow 302 McShane and von Glinow determine that the first three powers - legitimate, reward, and coercive power - are granted to persons through the organization or co-workers, whereas the two other powers ââ¬â expert and referent power - depend on the ââ¬Å"power holders own characteristicsâ⬠(301). The first source of power that can be assigned to members of the organization is Legitimate Power, which is defined as an ââ¬Å"agreement among organizational members that people in certain roles can request certain behavior of othersâ⬠(302). This source of power generally results from different roles in the organization (hierarchy). Like the manager can expect his or her employees to do what he or she requires. Another source of power that can be given to employees is Reward Power, which is defined as ââ¬Å"the personââ¬â¢s ability to control the allocation of rewards valued by others and to remove negative sectionsâ⬠(302). Reward power offers incentives and is the opposite of the third source of power, which is Coercive Power. Coercive power is the last source of power that is assigned to people and involves ââ¬Å"the ability to apply punishmentâ⬠(303). The fourth source of power is Expert Power, which does not originate from the position but rather from within the person. Expert power is ââ¬Å"the capacity to influence others by possessing knowledge or skills that others valueâ⬠(303). For instance, an employee can develop expert power when gaining important knowledge for the organizations that others would also like to have. The fifth source of power that does not depend on the role or position of an employee, but on the personââ¬â¢s own characteristics is Referent Power, which is defined as ââ¬Å"the capacity to influence others on the basis of an identification with and respect for the power holderâ⬠(303). jessicalew38http://www.blogger.com/profile/09894834428738426408noreply@blogger.com0